Selection of material for assistive devices based on Fused deposition modelling

Project Title

Selection of material for assistive devices based on Fused deposition modelling

Project Area of Specialization 3D/4D PrintingProject Summary

This project is based on selection of material for assistive manufacturing using fused deposition modeling or 3D modeling.By assistive devices project highly focused on devices that is used by disable peoples.Different material have different properties(physical properties+chemical properties) resulting in different benefits.As assistive devices have different requirments(strength ,flexibility ,density ,impact resistance ,recyclibility ,Biodegradability ,compression ,hardness ,elongation ,heat resistance ,cost)  based on what it's used for , and whats the feasibility for the manufacturer(Availibility of material , cost of manufacturing ,output of the result) and whats the requirment of the customer(Comfort, Low cost, reliability) . For example in most of the countries assistive devices are not very common due to it's prices but we can reduce the price by changing the material with a good alternative having low price. For this purpose different materials are selected and buyed (ABS ,PC ,Nylon ,Ultem ,PLA ,PVA ,PETG, TPU ,ASA ,PEEK ,PS ,PVC ,HIPS ,PPS ,PEI ,PET ,PP ,TPE).It's properties are analysed by applying different test(Izod Impact test, tensile testing, etc) for practical analysis .It's data is gatered and data analysis tests(Topsis ,Moora) is performed on this data for selection of best material with respect to all aspects or qualities .After the test polycarbonate rises as best material.Then after the selection we perform a case study to check if it is really alligible for the better alternative or not we do some analysis test for weight calculation according to the requirment of patients or customers .The tests are based on subjective(AHP ,Electra ,Dematel ) and objective (ENTROPY ,Standard deviation ,critic) .The result showed that Polycarbonate is the best material ,and the manufacturer or customer can change the material with the resulted data according to the requirment.

Project Objectives

OBJECTIVES:

1. Analysis of different properties of materials used in FDM.

2. Selection of material for assistive devices based on fused deposition modeling

3. Analysis on the basis of multicriteria decision making tools.

4. Analysis on the basis of Case study.

5. Providing a strategy for selecting a material according to requirment.

Project Implementation Method

Selection of material for assistive devices using fused deposition modeling by applying multicriteria decision-making tools involves the following steps.

1. Literature review.
2. Problem Statement.
3. Material slection/collection.
4. Test performing.
5. Data collection.
6. Analysis using multi-criteria decision-making tools(Topsis, Moora).
7. Case Study
8. Weight calcultaion for properties.(AHP ,Electra ,Dematel ,Entropy ,Standard deviation ,Critic).
9. Recommendation and conclusion.

Benefits of the Project

1. The best alternative for all the material is provided.
2. A builtin function or method of material selection. 
3. Patients Requirment is analysed.
4. Manufacturer can manupulate the data in analysis test and generate results according to requirment or availibilty. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Topsis and Moora Technique shows that POLYCARBONATE has a competitive advantage over the other material on the basis of its physical and chemical properties.

Polycarbonate:

1. Transparency, excellent toughness, thermal stability, and very good dimensional stability make Polycarbonate (PC) one of the most widely used engineering thermoplastics. Compact discs, riot shields, vandal-proof glazing, baby feeding bottles, electrical components, safety helmets, and headlamp lenses are all typical applications for PC.
2. Polycarbonate remains one of the fastest-growing engineering plastics as new applications are defined; global demand for PC exceeds 1.5 million tons.

Polycarbonates are strong, stiff, hard, tough, transparent engineering thermoplastics that can maintain rigidity up to 140°C and toughness down to -20°C or special grades even lower. The material is amorphous (thereby displaying excellent mechanical properties and high dimensional stability), is thermally resistant up to 135°C and is rated as slow-burning. Special flame retardant grades exist which pass several severe flammability tests.

Grades Available:

Polycarbonate is available in a number of different grades depending on the application and chosen processing method. The material is available in a variety of grades such as film, flame retardant, reinforced and stress crack resistant branched (for applications requiring high melt strength), and other specialty grades. Also, blends of PC are available with e.g. ABS or Polyesters, widely used in the automotive industry. Processing of PC generally falls into:

• Injection Molding
• Structural Foam Molding
• Extrusion
• Vacuum Forming
• Blow Molding

Advantages:

• Durability
• Light transmission.
• Easy to cut and shape
• Thermal insulation
• Multiple colors
• Lightweight.
• Easy to install
• UV protection
• Recycling

Disadvantages:

• Although Polycarbonate is known for its high impact resistance, it is very susceptible to scratching. For this reason, clear surfaces such as polycarbonate lenses in a pair of glasses will typically be coated with a scratch-resistant layer for protection.

Final Deliverable of the Project Software SystemCore Industry HealthOther Industries Education , IT , Medical Core Technology 3D/4D PrintingOther Technologies Big DataSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Quality Education, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	73272
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene	Equipment	8	210	1680
Polycarbonate	Equipment	8	22	176
PC-ABS	Equipment	8	22	176
ULTEM	Equipment	8	2150	17200
PLA	Equipment	8	250	2000
PETG	Equipment	8	350	2800
TPU	Equipment	8	300	2400
ASA	Equipment	8	375	3000
PEEK	Equipment	8	2500	20000
PS	Equipment	8	12	96
PVC	Equipment	8	16	128
HIPS	Equipment	8	400	3200
PPS	Equipment	8	101	808
PET	Equipment	8	26	208
PP	Equipment	8	10	80
TPE	Equipment	8	40	320
Lab tests	Miscellaneous	1	5000	5000
Thesis and reports	Miscellaneous	3	1500	4500
Lab tests	Miscellaneous	1	5000	5000
Thesis and reports	Miscellaneous	3	1500	4500