A Controller Design for a Stability Improvement of an Integrated Charging System in Hybrid Electric Vehicle.

Objective of project:  Develop a straightforward module electric vehicle by utilizing an appropriate AC Motor as engine and battery as Backup.  To conduct testing and show of PMAC engine to work on its presentation and progress a prime example car followed by eng

Project Title

A Controller Design for a Stability Improvement of an Integrated Charging System in Hybrid Electric Vehicle.

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

1. The main aspect of this project is to manufacture electric drive system with Including feature of low cost, less power consuming and efficient in performmance, that can be quickly charged anywhere and have easy, advance and fine control to drive.
2.  Electric Vehicle with low power consumption and efficient speed control is objected to reducing the consumption of power to carry around about 250KG load by using permanent magnet motor (PMAC)
3.  Now-a-days Power shortage is most common problem in under developing countries, so it is not easy to charge the batteries at home or at charging Stations as it is time consuming. Today, World is moving towards renewable energies, so we added additional feature to integrate EV with Solar Panel.
4.  As Electric Vehicles result in reduction of noise pollution and good impact on greenhouse effect. In this way we dont need WAPDA to fulfil the charging requirement of Electric Vehicle's batteries. As Pakistan is suffering through major Energy Crisis like Energy Shortage and load shedding It is great idea to laminate the Electric Vehicle with Solar Panels. We are working on the perfect mounting of solar panels on Ev which includes angle, alignment and some other factors of solar panels through which we can get maximum efficiency.
5. Moreover To implement this vehicle in some daily life practical Application (i.e Grass Cutting)

Project Objectives

Objective of project:

1.  Develop a straightforward module electric vehicle by utilizing an appropriate AC Motor as engine and battery as Backup.
2.  To conduct testing and show of PMAC engine to work on its presentation and progress a prime example car followed by engine tests.
3.  To propose and grow a basic controller system, to diminish the cost of an electric auto.
4.  To examination the battery cycle life cycle on the recompense time frame.
5.  To increment the proficiency of battery charging coordinate sun based plates.
6.  To lessen ecological defilement and clamor contamination of vehicles.
7.  To evaluate the yearly legitimacy of fuel and the decrease of CO2 outflow.
8.  Reliable
9.  Efficient
10. Long -lasting
11. Develop a simple plug-in electric vehicle by using a suitable motor and batter Conduct testing and performance of PMAC motor to optimize its perforrmance and develop a prototype vehicle followed by motor tests. In order to reduce the cost of an electric car by proposing and developing a basic operating method. To Study the battery Cycle life on the payback period to increase efficiency of battery charging integrate solar plates. To reduce environmental contamination and house pollution of cars. To determine the yearly savings in fuel and CO2 emissions.
12. To implement this vehicle in some daily life practical Application (i.e Grass Cutting)

Project Implementation Method

To drive the Permanent magnet AC motor (PMAC) a PWM microcontroller is implement with battery bank. In addition to this, solar panel are also used to make the system efficient ad to provide supply to auxiliary load.The Sinusoidal throb width assortment (SPWM) strategy is utilized for the execution of a customizable rate drive. To drive the Permanent magnet AC engine (PMAC) a variable recurrence drive (VFD) is carried out with the battery bank. Furthermore, Solar boards are additionally used to make the framework more productive and to give supply to helper loads.

Flow chart:

1. CAR
2. BMS
3. BATTERY
4. SOLLER SYSTEM
5. AC MOTOR CONTROLLER
6. AC MOTOR
7. Grass Cutting Assembley

Methodology and connections of Energy efficient electrical vehicle's Legends Steps involved are listed below

• Variable recurrence gadget Design.
•  Testing and controlling of the engine.
•  Batteries and sun oriented boards testing.
•  Testing of an engine with a heap.
• Construction of electric car body and other helpful parts.
•  Integrated engine, battery, sun oriented plates, and regulator on the body
• Testing and controlling of motor.
• Batteries and solar panels testing
• Testing of motor with load.
• application
• Reverse system
• Construction of electric vehicle body and other useful parts
•  Integrated motor, battery, solar plates, grass cutter and controller on body

  Speed and Regularity Control of PMAC Motor Using Variable Frequency Drive:

  Energy-saving has extraordinary significance in a country like Pakistan. Energy saving is the answer for conquer the energy emergency. It is expected that 25% of the ecosphere's energy is utilized by AC motors. The fundamental issue is of inrush current. Inrush flow not just lessens the force utilization and life pattern of electrical hardware yet in addition produces heat. This current can be reduced by building the utilization of alterable routineness drives. To control the velocity and recurrence of engine the method of adaptable recurrence exertion is utilized. In this interaction, the method called PWM (Pulse width balance) is reused.

  AC engines are widely utilized around the world, speed and recurrence control of these engines is an exceptionally fundamental factor. Subsequently, the snappiness of the motor can be changed by fluctuating the recurrence. As indicated by a beneficial worth. Ns=120f/p

   Ns = Speed of motor (RPM) F = Electric Regularity ofmotor P = No. of poles of the motor. There is a ton of use of adaptable routineness drive in various kinds of machines like fans, siphons, forced air systems, and specialty impulsion frameworks. Adaptable consistency drive is essentially made out of three parts. These are follow: 1. AC to DC Converter 2. DC Bus 3. Invertor (DC to AC convertor)

  

Benefits of the Project

Electric cars are energy efficient:

Energy efficiency refers to the amount of energy from the fuel source that is converted into actual energy for powering the wheels of a vehicle. AEVs are far more efficient than conventional gas-powered vehicles: AEV batteries convert 59 to 62 percent of energy into vehicle movement while gas powered vehicles only convert between 17 and 21 percent. This means that charging an AEV’s battery puts more towards actually powering the vehicle than filling up at a gas pump.

Electric cars reduce emissions:

Emission reduction, including reduced usage of fuel, is another pro for all-electric vehicles. Because they rely on a rechargeable battery, driving an electric car does not create any tailpipe emissions which are a major source of pollution in the United States. In addition, the rechargeable battery means much less money spent on fuel, which means all energy can be sourced domestically (and often through renewable resources such as solar panel systems).

Improving battery technology in today's light-duty AEVs means they can drive 100 miles while consuming only 25 to 40 kilowatt-hours (kWh)  of electricity. Assuming that your electric car can travel three miles per kWh, the electric vehicle can travel about 43 miles for $1.00. By comparison, if we assume that gas costs $2.50 per gallon, an average gasoline vehicle with a fuel efficiency of 22 miles per gallon will only be able to travel 10 miles for the same price. The distance traveled for a fuel cost of $1.00 is nearly four times as far with an electric vehicle.

Electric cars are high performance and low maintenance:

All-electric vehicles are also high performance vehicles whose motors are not only quiet and smooth but require less maintenance than internal combustion engines. The driving experience can also be fun because AEV motors react quickly, making them responsive with good torque. AEVs are overall newer than their gas powered counterparts and are often more digitally connected with charging stations providing the option to control charging from an app.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Flexible Frequency Drive VFD: Variable routineness Drive is utilized for the observing of the quickness of an engine by factor consistency that is applied through AC voltage Source. By utilizing VFDs, the snappiness of the engine can be coordinated by the necessities. These are likewise named as managing hustle drive, variable speed drive, customizable consistency drive, AC drive, Microdrive, and inverter. It is utilized to make our AC engines work at variable speed.

VFD vs other techniques: To defeat current inrush issues, various techniques are utilized. Delicate starter, autotransformer why-delta starter, and VFD's are utilized. The justification picking VFD is that it lessens inrush current. Delicate starters and autotransformer

Arduino based Frequency generator 12v dc 1hz to 1024hz: A recurrence generator is a gadget that is made to create examples of voltages with various amplitudes and frequencies. A typical one is utilized to test the reaction of the circuit when the info signal is given. 

Microcontroller based PWM: Pulse width modulation is a technique utilized for coordinating engine expediency and consistency. This can be finished by spending a microcontroller. In this endeavor, we assigned a recurrence assortment of 5Hz to 50Hz utilizing PWM. A sine wave is shaped in the microcontroller which is incredible constrained on a three-sided wave. Here square wave is then sustained to the inverter. The width of this square wave can be constrained by adjusting the obligation groupings of the beat. A PWM representation is shown in the figure

Hardware-based PWM: The overhead declared method was modified burning-through microcontroller on proteus and mimicked. The pictographic show is concurred beneath in figure also, this was applied on the regulator and the outcomes were noticed.

Application:

Future Work:

The idea presented here is to build an electric drive system using power electronie principles and techniques. This project depicts the techniques to drive three phase induction motor using PWM method. But there are some as-pects which can add to the beauty and economic viability of this project in these days of competition such as:

1. REMOTE SENSING The feature of remote sensing can be added to the project. It can use GPS system to detect the paths and can alert the driver if he is going wrong.lt can implement anti-collision mechanism .
2. Reverse system
3. Grass cutter Auto controler

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Manufacturing , Transportation

Core Technology

Robotics

Other Technologies

Augmented & Virtual Reality

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Responsible Consumption and Production, Climate Action

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com