Three Phase Transmission Line Fault Detection
The problem statement of this project is Most of the time, the exact location and nature of three phase transmission line faults(L-L,L-G) are unknown and are not accurately localised. It is an abnormal condition caused by many factors related to nature like lightning, wind, naturaldisa
2025-06-28 16:29:46 - Adil Khan
Three Phase Transmission Line Fault Detection
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryThe problem statement of this project is
Most of the time, the exact location and nature of three phase transmission line faults(L-L,L-G) are unknown and are not accurately localised.
It is an abnormal condition caused by many factors related to nature like lightning, wind, naturaldisaster & human error. It means there is a flow of very high value of current above the normalvalue. Due to this many electrical apparatuses like transformer, generator, and transmission linesget affected because of overheating and insulation failure.
it will tell us about the type of fault and its exact location
Project ObjectivesThe aim of this project is to design a microcontroller-based prototype which
- Detects faulty line timely
- Protect costly equipment attached to faulty line from damage
- Inform the relevant authorities about the fault and its type
Here a prototype model or 3 phase fault detection method is shown, in which lines faults are created by using switches. As impedance of line increases with increase in length. For this resistance combination circuit is used in series, for each phase different set of resistance is used, for each phase one relay is use to isolate the load at the time of fault which give exact length of fault occur on line.The mastermind of project is ArduinoUno. The DC supply is required for controlling board. Which is provided with the help of rectifier and transformer combination. Output switches are given to analog pin or Arduino (uno) and display is also connected to digital output pin of Arduino. When fault is created,the display shows the exact distance, and at the same time Arduino gives output to relay and it disconnects load from supply. This all thing happens as fault is occurred in line, due to proper program inserted in Arduino.
Benefits of the Projecta simple, low cost and efficient method for fault detection inpower line is described. By using this method, fault can be detected efficientlywith low cost.In case of faults like overvoltage and overcurrent many costlyequipment will be saved from damage connected to the faulty line. In this way,damagewillbeminimized.Therearesomeothermethodsaswell,todetectfault but use of microcontroller makes this method simple, low of cost and more efficient. This system just contains a cheap of cost but efficient microcontroller,setofonlytwosensors,arelaytodisconnecttheload.Thismakesthissystemeasytoimplement.Incaseoffault,costlyloadwillbeprotectedandauthoritieswillbeinformedaboutthefault. Thus, fault detection will be easier and less time taking. In this way, faultwill be detected and rectified soon. So, a constant power supply will be main-trainedandcostlyequipmentwillbesavedfromdamagecausedbythefaults.
Technical Details of Final Deliverableit can easily locate and specify the type of the error or fault occuring in transmission line
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology Wearables and ImplantablesOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 5700 | |||
| transformer | Equipment | 3 | 300 | 900 |
| arduino | Equipment | 1 | 800 | 800 |
| 4ch relay | Equipment | 3 | 500 | 1500 |
| lcd display | Equipment | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| wires | Miscellaneous | 30 | 10 | 300 |
| switching circuit | Equipment | 2 | 300 | 600 |
| 1 ch relay | Equipment | 6 | 200 | 1200 |