IoT Based Smart Drip Irrigation System
This project of automation of farms can transform the agricultural domain from manual checking to automatic monitoring using a simple IOT system leading to higher production with lesser human effort. For example, if you are out of the city for some reason you can check up on your plants by just open
2025-06-28 16:33:40 - Adil Khan
IoT Based Smart Drip Irrigation System
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryThis project of automation of farms can transform the agricultural domain from manual checking to automatic monitoring using a simple IOT system leading to higher production with lesser human effort. For example, if you are out of the city for some reason you can check up on your plants by just opening the app on your smartphone. This smart irrigation system monitors the moisture level in the soil and then maintains the moisture level by automatic watering. The soil moisture sensors measure the exact value which then enables the system to use the appropriate quantity of water to avoid over or under irrigation. Information from the sensors is regularly updated on the app so that farmers can control all the operations.
Project ObjectivesThe primary objective of this project is to design a platform where we connect the Wi-Fi module with the IOT. The data which we want to display on our app is sent to the Wi-Fi module via Arduino. The data we get on our smartphone app is now in the control of the user. Users can now easily take necessary actions by just clicking the on and off button on your mobile app according to requirements. The major objectives we are covering in this project are as follow.
- Interfacing soil moisture sensor with the Arduino to record the percentage of moisture present in the soil then calculate the average value by using formula.
- Interfacing solenoid valve with the Arduino.
- Integrating mobile app to the Wi-Fi module to monitor and control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.
- Synchronization of WAPDA and solar panel with the motor.
- Interfacing water level indicator sensor with the Blynk app.
- Designing an environmentally friendly system that can be placed in rural areas without causing any damage to the fields.
An 10T based smart drip inigation system is proposed for real-time, low-cost monitoring, and controlling system. In our system, we use Arduino mega 2560 which will take input from Moisture, Humidity and Rain detector sensor. And all information on the sensor will show on 10T App by using Node MCU ESP 8266 which is used for wireless communication between Arduino and 10T app. Arduino IDE is used for coding on Arduino Mega and Blynk App for 10T App designing. And Solenoid valve is used for providing Water and Fertilizer depending on the value of Sensors. And the user can monitor and control the level of Water and Fertilizer by ON/OFF the Solenoid valve. He can also use the Auto mode where Solenoid value Automatically ON/OFF depending on the value of sensors. Solar panel with Solar tracker is used as primary source to power up the System and to run a Motor pump.
Benefits of the Project1).As Pakistan is among the top 10 countries that consumes much more water so, in this project we are saving water using drip irrigation system instead of open drain system to save water.
2).We are implementing this system using Solar as main power source and using WAPDA on stand by.
3).We are developing small Dam so that in the absence of solar we may use Dam water instead of going direct to use of WAPDA so in that way we are saving farmers from heavy bills of WAPDA.
4).We are using solar tracker to get much more benefit from natural resource (Sun).
5).We are monitoring this system on IoT App (Blynk) so that farmers get latest updates and control system somehow on there smart phones with lesser effort.
6).We are using fertilizer tank that stores liquid fertilizers as well as pesticides and opens valve on main pipe line to mix it with water so that it easily reaches every plant. Valve is controlled from IoT app.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableArduino Mega 2560
The Arduino Mega (2560) is a microcontroller board dependent on the AT-mega2560. It has 54 digital output /input pins (15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. , which is able of executing a series of pre-programmed tasks and interacting with other hardware devices.
Moisture Sensor
It is used to measure the water content of soil. when the soil is having water shortage ,the module output is at high level, else the output will low.
DI-ITII Sensor
The DHTII is an advanced temperature and humidity sensor. The sensor has committed NTC to measure temperature and an 8-bit microcontroller to output the values of temperature and humidity as serial data. The sensor is factory calibrated and easy to interface with other microcontrollers.
Rain detector Module
A rain detector module is used for sensing rain. It has two modules, a rain board to detects the rain and a control module for compares the analog value, and converts it to a digital value.
Water level indicator Sensor
The water level sensor is an easy-to-use and less expensive high water level detection sensor, consist of a series of parallel wires exposed traces to determine the water level.
Node MCU esp8266 Microcontroller
The Node MCU is an open source IOT framework, The ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module is a self-contained SOC with an integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to your Wi-Fi network. The ESP8266 is capable of either hosting an application or offloading all Wi-Fi networking functions from another application processor.
Solenoid Valve
The solenoid valve works with the solenoid coil which operates with DC 12 volt supply. As it is a normally closed assembly, it opens the flow of fluids as soon as it is powered ON and stops the flow in absence of supply voltage.
Submersible Water Pump
A submersible pump is a device start by converting rotary energy into kinetic energy by using pressure energy pulled in from the pump. It has a tightly sealed motor close-coupled to the pump body. Submersibles are more efficient than jet pumps. It is usually operated between 3v to 12v.
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry AgricultureOther IndustriesCore Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic GrowthRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 23780 | |||
| Arduino Mega 2560 | Equipment | 2 | 1800 | 3600 |
| NodeMCU (esp8266) | Equipment | 2 | 1000 | 2000 |
| Soil Moisture sensor | Equipment | 10 | 300 | 3000 |
| water level sensor | Equipment | 12 | 200 | 2400 |
| solar panel | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| Humidity Sensor | Equipment | 2 | 300 | 600 |
| Solenoid valve | Equipment | 10 | 350 | 3500 |
| water pipes | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| small plastic tank | Equipment | 2 | 300 | 600 |
| Artificial plants | Miscellaneous | 9 | 150 | 1350 |
| servo motor | Equipment | 1 | 350 | 350 |
| LDR sensors | Equipment | 2 | 40 | 80 |
| wires and vero board | Equipment | 2 | 1000 | 2000 |
| Iron tray | Miscellaneous | 1 | 1300 | 1300 |