IoT BASED ELECTRICITY AND GAS LOGGING FOR USER CONVENIENCE

Project Title

IoT BASED ELECTRICITY AND GAS LOGGING FOR USER CONVENIENCE

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Efficient energy use plays a very important role for the development of the country. Therefore, proper monitoring and control of energy consumption is the main priority of the smart metering system. There are many problems associated with this in the current energy meter system and one of the important problems is inaccurate billing. To solve this problem, a smart energy meter based on the Internet of Things (loT) is proposed. The proposed smart energy meter uses PIC controller,mass flow sensor and calculates energy consumption using a Wi-Fi module and uploads it to the SD-card via an Android application from where the consumer can view real-time readings. Therefore, energy analysis by the consumer becomes very easy and controllable. This system also helps in detecting electricity theft. Thus, this smart meter helps home automation using IoT and enabling wireless communication.

Project Objectives

Our main objectives are:

1. Daily consumption acknowledgement
2. Reduction of bills
3. Accurate billing

Project Implementation Method

   In electricity bill  our main aim is to calculate power in kilo watt hours. Power is  basically product of current and voltage. Mostly in home appliances we have resistive load so we can calculate active power, but some  home appliances act as a inductive load. Now for inductive load we also calculate power factor with product of voltage and current. We use zero cross algorithm to calculate power factor, we take more than 3 samples of zero crossing of current and voltage and calculate the power factor. When power is calculated then we calculate energy in kilo watt hours, means power is calculated with respect to time. At the end units are calculated according to the consumption. From WAPDA, AC supply is given, to which  voltage sensor is attached in parallel and current sensor in series, remaining two connections are connects with load. Power is calculated from the current and voltage, now calculate power factor from the zero cross detection. Then send data to the PIC microcontroller, we make the port analog because of changing of data with every second. We can store data on an external SD card on which storage of data for a year. As rate of unit is also changed by the government, for accuracy in bill calculation through keypad we can change the price of unit. At the end through a WIFI module we can send real time data on an android application , through this application consumer can see the real time consumption of units with bill.

Our methodology for gas meter is same as the electricity meters , the only difference is the calculation of the bill. Gas bill is  depend upon the pressure which is supplied by the company. We can use the flow mass sensor through which volume is calculated then converted it into MMBTU(units of heat) in which our bill is calculated. Now integrate it at every interval of time and  send data to the PIC microcontroller, we make the port analog because of changing of data with every second. We can store data on an external SD card on which storage of data for a year. As rate of gas is also changed by the government, for accuracy in bill calculation through keypad we can change the price of unit. At the end through a WIFI module we can send real time data on an android application , through this application consumer can see the real time consumption of gas with bill.

Benefits of the Project

This project helps the user in three different aspects e.g 

1. Daliy consumption acknowledgement, the user gets information of his/her daily consumption of units and the billing according to the number of units consumed.
2. Reduction of bills, since the user can acknowledge the real time usage of their consumption of units and bill being generated according to it, they will try to reduce bill by consuming less units and save power hence in return getting reduced bills.
3. Accurate billing, one of the main problems a user faces in pakistan is incorrect billing. This project helps counter that issue as it gives real time details of units consumed and bill according to it, hence the user has all the data that it can use to counter the incorrect billing.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

   In electricity bill  our main aim is to calculate power in kilo watt hours. Power is  basically product of current and voltage. Mostly in home appliances we have resistive load so we can calculate active power, but some  home appliances act as a inductive load. Now for inductive load we also calculate power factor with product of voltage and current. We use zero cross algorithm to calculate power factor, we take more than 3 samples of zero crossing of current and voltage and calculate the power factor. When power is calculated then we calculate energy in kilo watt hours, means power is calculated with respect to time. At the end units are calculated according to the consumption. From WAPDA, AC supply is given, to which  voltage sensor is attached in parallel and current sensor in series, remaining two connections are connects with load. Power is calculated from the current and voltage, now calculate power factor from the zero cross detection. Then send data to the PIC microcontroller, we make the port analog because of changing of data with every second. We can store data on an external SD card on which storage of data for a year. As rate of unit is also changed by the government, for accuracy in bill calculation through keypad we can change the price of unit. At the end through a WIFI module we can send real time data on an android application , through this application consumer can see the real time consumption of units with bill.

Our methodology for gas meter is same as the electricity meters , the only difference is the calculation of the bill. Gas bill is  depend upon the pressure which is supplied by the company. We can use the flow mass sensor through which volume is calculated then converted it into MMBTU(units of heat) in which our bill is calculated. Now integrate it at every interval of time and  send data to the PIC microcontroller, we make the port analog because of changing of data with every second. We can store data on an external SD card on which storage of data for a year. As rate of gas is also changed by the government, for accuracy in bill calculation through keypad we can change the price of unit. At the end through a WIFI module we can send real time data on an android application , through this application consumer can see the real time consumption of gas with bill.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Telecommunication Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	60000
gas sensor	Equipment	4	2500	10000
current transformer	Equipment	2	1000	2000
voltage transformer	Equipment	2	1000	2000
pic controller	Equipment	4	1000	4000
LCD	Equipment	4	1000	4000
boards(bread,pcb)	Equipment	2	1500	3000
wires,resistors,conductors etc	Equipment	1	2000	2000
glass casing	Equipment	1	8000	8000
keypad	Equipment	2	1500	3000
wifi module	Equipment	4	1500	6000
sd card 32 GB	Equipment	4	1500	6000
Miscellaneous	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000