GSM Based Bidirectional Energy Measuring and Monitoring System
The design and implementation of a smart prepaid electricity metre employing an Arduino microcontroller, a global system for mobile communication (GSM) module, and a liquid crystal display are shown in this work (LCD). After purchasing prepaid power using a mobile phone, the smart metre allows users
2025-06-28 16:27:31 - Adil Khan
GSM Based Bidirectional Energy Measuring and Monitoring System
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryThe design and implementation of a smart prepaid electricity metre employing an Arduino microcontroller, a global system for mobile communication (GSM) module, and a liquid crystal display are shown in this work (LCD). After purchasing prepaid power using a mobile phone, the smart metre allows users to remotely replenish their metre. This metre is also capable of measuring bidirectional power flow. It also allows the metre owner to get information regarding the remaining prepaid credit in the metre, the meter's status, and a recharge notification threshold. This document also covers the planned system's benefits to customers and the utility business, as well as some of the problems that have been faced, and makes recommendations to various parties.
Project Objectives- Wireless communication is used to automatically recharge a smart electricity metre.
- Allow the user and the utility company to receive real-time updates.
- Allow for the management of domestic electricity consumption.
- NET metering is used to manage bidirectional power flow.
- Convert the units to WAPDA credit.
- Arduino collects data, counts the number of units consumed, calculates the cost of the units consumed, and sends messages using the GSM module.
- When the units reach their limits and the flow of electricity is interrupted, the relay opens, resulting in a power failure. In addition, depending on the situation, the relay may shift the load on both loads.
- When a consumer takes power, the metre moves forward, and when an excess is sent to the grid, it moves backward.
A bi-directional metre measures energy in both directions: how much you consume from the grid and how much you export back to it. It's the piece of equipment that enables you to get feed-in tariffs or payments from the Renewable Energy Buyback Scheme.
Customers will benefit from this since they will be able to check if their system is functioning properly, and you will be able to make more informed decisions about how to best utilise solar energy. You may change your consumption patterns to meet the amount of energy generated by your PV system, allowing you to use more of the free electricity given by your PV system while lowering the amount you must pay for.
The smart metre is a device that delivers data to the cloud.
Reading extensively on the operations and workings of the pic microcontroller, the GSM Modem, and the electronic energy metre in order to obtain a better understanding of how we will coordinate all of the various pieces to produce the ultimate working of the GSM based automatic metre reading system.
A flow chart describing how our system is intended to perform was created using an understanding of how the microcontroller, electronic energy metre, and GSM module operate.
Creating a code. A code was developed using Micro C Pro4 based on the flow chart.
Component selection.
Following the generation of the code, the components required for the design were carefully chosen, taking into account the following factors: their working voltage range.
The Microcontroller PIC 18F4550, the Real-Time Clock, and the 20*4 LED
All of them have a 5V operational voltage range.
Their energy usage is high.
The components chosen were energy efficient.
Their compatibility as a couple.
Because the LCD and Real Time Clock, as well as the Solid State Relay, are microcontroller compatible, a straightforward interface to the microcontroller was available.
The energy meter's output pulses are sent to the microcontroller through an optocoupler.
5. Power supply selection.
As previously indicated, the voltage needs of the components were typically 5V, so a power source that could give 5V while also providing enough power to power all components at the same time was required.
Two factors were considered: 12 volt transformers that would be regulated to supply 5 volts, and a second source that was also attached.
The latter was chosen because it could deliver enough consistent, reliable electricity for the entire system.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 14625 | |||
| 12V, 2Amp Transformer | Equipment | 2 | 900 | 1800 |
| Aurdino UNO | Equipment | 1 | 1200 | 1200 |
| CT and PT | Equipment | 2 | 1500 | 3000 |
| Relays Type 1 | Equipment | 3 | 600 | 1800 |
| Relays Type 2 | Equipment | 4 | 250 | 1000 |
| capacitor | Equipment | 15 | 10 | 150 |
| resister | Equipment | 50 | 2 | 100 |
| diodes | Equipment | 20 | 5 | 100 |
| GSM module | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| ouptocoupler | Equipment | 1 | 600 | 600 |
| LED 20*4 | Equipment | 1 | 800 | 800 |
| PCB sheets | Equipment | 2 | 150 | 300 |
| vero board | Equipment | 2 | 100 | 200 |
| connection wires | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| 100 watt bulbs | Equipment | 4 | 60 | 240 |
| Bulbs holders | Miscellaneous | 4 | 50 | 200 |
| switches | Equipment | 4 | 40 | 160 |
| wire connectors | Miscellaneous | 15 | 5 | 75 |
| soldring wire | Miscellaneous | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| wooden board | Miscellaneous | 1 | 500 | 500 |