Design of hybrid power generation system using Solar and Wind with MPPT

Some of the renewable energy sources include wind and solar energies which are mostly available in the world. A hybrid power station has been designed in this study using solar and wind energies. In the present era, renewable energy technologies have huge potential to make a considerable con

Project Title

Design of hybrid power generation system using Solar and Wind with MPPT

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Some of the renewable energy sources include wind and solar energies which are mostly available in the world. A hybrid power station has been designed in this study using solar and wind energies.

In the present era, renewable energy technologies have huge potential to make a considerable contribution to the total world energy supply because of fast upraise in the energy demand. Among all renewable energy sources solar and wind power have become the most favorite and promising sources due to their less damaging influences on environment. The advantage of the hybrid system is that the primary energy is free, abundant and inexhaustible.

The photo-voltaic (PV) modules are connected in  a  manner  that  allows  the  modules  to produce the maximum power that they are capable of. MPPT is an electronic system that varies the electrical operating  point  of  the  modules so that the modules  are  able  to  deliver  maximum  available  power.

Additional power produced from the modules is then made available as increased battery charge current and similar thing is done for wind generator using same mechanism.

Some of the renewable energy sources include wind and solar energies which are mostly available in the world. A hybrid power station has been designed in this study using solar and wind energies.

In the present era, renewable energy technologies have huge potential to make a considerable contribution to the total world energy supply because of fast upraise in the energy demand. Among all renewable energy sources solar and wind power have become the most favorite and promising sources due to their less damaging influences on environment. The advantage of the hybrid system is that the primary energy is free, abundant and inexhaustible.

The photo-voltaic (PV) modules are connected in  a  manner  that  allows  the  modules  to produce the maximum power that they are capable of. MPPT is an electronic system that varies the electrical operating  point  of  the  modules so that the modules  are  able  to  deliver  maximum  available  power.

Additional power produced from the modules is then made available as increased battery charge current and similar thing is done for wind generator using same mechanism.

Project Objectives

Enlisted are the objectives of our project

1. Optimized design
2. Improved quality
3. Increased productivity
4. Maximum Power Point Tracking.
5. Sustainable design
6. Keep our place habitable and pleasant.
7. Encourage the preferential use of renewable energy
8. Cheaper ways to produce electricity
9. Eco friendly energy production
10. System Protection.
11. Viable Design.
12. Provide a complete and clear framework for the favourable consideration of renewable energy projects.
13. Protection of the critical environmental capital 
14. Identification of areas with suitable characteristics for commercial renewable energy development or the servicing of renewable energy developments, such as large wind farms, combined heat and renewable power plants.

Project Implementation Method

For this project, the methodology depends upon P&O algorithm. The output voltage and current of the buck converter is observed, collected and stored and later is used for the calculation of power. Buck converter is a switching converter device which periodically opens and closes an electronic switch, and it is a step-down voltage converter since its output voltage is always less than its input voltage. The power calculated is then compared to the previous maximum power.

If the power is greater than the previous maximum power and the present voltage is also greater than the previous voltage, then the duty cycle of the converter increases.

Similarly, if the present voltage is less than previous voltage then the duty cycle of the converter decreases.

And in case if the present power is less than the previous power, and the present voltage is greater than the previous voltage, then according to P&O algorithm, the duty cycle of the buck converter should decrease.

Though, if the current voltage is less than the previous voltage, then increase the duty cycle. The process described above is in one loop of the code. Before starting another loop, the present power is set to the previous power if it is greater than the previous power, then a new loop of the same process starts to measure the new voltage and current that results from the newly set duty cycle of the buck converter.

Benefits of the Project

Renewable energy is the energy which is derived from a source that is not depleted when used. Proper utilization of energy resources is a major consideration going now- a-days. It is very important to choose which energy source must be considered for use and why. There are a lot of factors such as cleanliness, cost, stability, efficiency and environmental effects that must be considered. It is a fact that many industries across the globe are still dependent on non-renewable for power generation. Without any doubt non-renewable resources like fossil fuels are very efficient but they cannot be replaced once consumed. With advancements in mass communication, world have now become aware of the disadvantages of burning of fossil fuels. These fossil fuels are 2 going to be depleted very soon and we have to go for renewable energy sources. Moreover, these fossil fuels are big threat to environmental stability and are a cause of many natural threats. Renewable energy is dependable and abundant and will be very low cost, once this technology and its efficiency are enhanced.

Wind energy is one of the natural renewable energy resources, it is environment friendly, inexhaustible, safe & capable of fulfilling large power demands. Because of its advantages & with the advancement in its design, wind energy is considered as an excellent secondary energy source. WGs are widely used in supplying remote loads as well as grid-connected applications. Although, WG have low installation cost than photovoltaic cells but this cost can be further reduced by extracting maximum power from WG using high efficiency power converters even at low wind speed.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The output voltage and current from the wind generator (WG) and PV module constantly feeds the input of the DC/DC converter. The DC/DC converter chosen for this project is buck converter that alters the input voltage based on the duty cycle.

The project we are doing is designing and fabrication of MPPT charge controller which can track the maximum operating point of solar panels at given time and also protect the battery from over charging. When the sunlight incident on solar panels, photo- voltaic effect occurs in them due to which they generate current. The current and voltage of solar panel is then sensed by MPPT controller which use P&O algorithm to adjust the DC-DC converter so that it operates the panel to operate at maximum power at a given time. Battery is used as a constant load in this project.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Others

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Sustainable Cities and Communities

Required Resources

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