Design and implementation of an Intelligent Solar Tracking system with Voltage Stabilization and protection Scheme 

With the unavoidable shortage of fossil fuel sources, renewable energy resources become an area of concentration for researchers, investors and decision makers all around the world. Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy is one of the most available renewable energy resources. This technolog

Project Title

Design and implementation of an Intelligent Solar Tracking system with Voltage Stabilization and protection Scheme 

Project Area of Specialization

Artificial Intelligence

Project Summary

With the unavoidable shortage of fossil fuel sources, renewable

energy resources become an area of concentration for researchers, investors and decision makers all around the world. Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy is one of the most available renewable

energy resources. This technology has been adopted more widely for

residential use nowadays, thanks to researchers and their development activities to improve solar cells’ efficiency and lower the cost. Solar PV energy is highly expected to become a major source of power in the future.

In this project, we track the Sun radiations and maximize the amount of energy using dual axis of rotation. A solar tracker is one of the famous devices used to orient a payload toward the Sun. In PV applications, trackers are used to minimize the angle of incidence between the incoming sunlight and a PV panel to maximize the amount of energy produced from proposed PV system.

The project includes the voltage stabilization at load side. The basic voltage stabilizer works on the auto-transformer or center-tap transformer. It can control by the relays at the output. The inverter is the main part because it converts direct current (DC) source into alternating current (AC). That inverter’s efficiency depends on the heat dissipation. When load increases the transistor heat up hence at low frequency, as a result output voltage efficiency decreases. We need 220V AC output, hence we use tap-changer after inverter section.

Moreover, in this project the protection scheme is also assumed to be implemented. When high wind detects by the wind sensor the panel will move parallel to the surface of the Earth to protect from being fall down or damage. 

Project Objectives

The main objectives of this research work are as follow
• To design an intelligent dual axis solar tracker capable of two dimensional tracking. 
• To design voltage stabilization system, capable of maintaining 220V AC (alternating current) output against varying loads. 
• To design a protection scheme for mechanical hazards against the heavy wind and storm while minimizing exposed surface area.

Project Implementation Method

The proposed methodology is used to configure the optimal system structure (solar panels, chargers, inverters), to gather information about the value of the equipment and to deduct the payback period of the system, under normal functioning conditions. This system will increase the output power by keeping solar panels parallel to the sun so that sun rays makes 90 degree angle with panels. It also consists of its safety factor like wind and rain factor through which we can save our panel. Just to save power we create a circuit that gives direct load once the panel is fully charged.

Benefits of the Project

Solar trackers automatically move to “track” the progress of the sun across the sky, thereby maximizing output. Solar trackers generate more electricity than their stationary counterparts due to an increased direct exposure to solar rays. Another very important aspect to emphasize is that the production of energy increases, but also improves the way the power output is delivered. With solar tracking you can extend the time of available maximum power and thus produce with greater capacity more hours a day and can stabilize through stabilizing circuit. Most of our daily appliances work on 220V AC, so for this purpose the multiple tap transformer is used to regulate output voltage by selecting suitable tap. The another benefit of this project is that it can protect the solar panel from the high wind and can save it from being fall down during high wind or storm. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The aim of the project is to present the design and functionality of the solar power system, determining the energy production and consumption for the proposed system. Also an important aspect of the project is the analysis of the variable load, to stabilize the overall consumption. The methodology used in this project leads to achieve the maximum performance. The other technical terms in this project is the protection scheme where all the system protects itself from high wind through an algorithm using artificial intelligence of Arduino mega 2560.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Type of Industry

Energy

Technologies

Artificial Intelligence(AI), Clean Tech

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

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