Design and Fabrication of three D Printer

The purpose of our project is to develop 3D physical models using additive techniques. It is beneficial for industrial and laboratory use. By the help of our project, one can easily build the required machine tools (Mechanical Parts). There is no more need for Die manufacturing which is more costly,

Project Title

Design and Fabrication of three D Printer

Project Area of Specialization

3D/4D Printing

Project Summary

The purpose of our project is to develop 3D physical models using additive techniques. It is beneficial for industrial and laboratory use. By the help of our project, one can easily build the required machine tools (Mechanical Parts). There is no more need for Die manufacturing which is more costly, we can directly create our desired product. 3D printing helps increase flexibility in the production flow and helps reducing industrial expenses. Rigid jointless mechanical parts are manufactured using a single step technique with more speed as compared to traditional manufacturing techniques. Results achieved using this technique are too much precise and accurate even for too many complex parts. The prevailing CNC plotters are of the subtractive type which cannot create more complex and durable models. The project is an Arduino based 3D printer which will use a combination of Stepper motor, Motor drivers, Heat bed, Hot end, Filament and Extruder to work in coordination with each other to develop physical models in three-dimensional form. A vector diagram of the required model will be designed in CAD software. The G-code of vector diagram will be generated using slic3r, which will be fed to Arduino, to provide control instructions to motors. The main objectives of our project are to control the movement of extruder through stepper motors by using Arduino. Therefore, it is possible to design a 3D printer using free software for prototyping and low-cost plastic parts i.e. 3D architectural model, Mechanical tools, etc.

Project Objectives

• To print any complex mechanical parts used in industries and engineering labs as well.
• To design highly precise and accurate products.
• To use Additive Technique which reduces time and cost and manufactures durable products.
• To directly print desired objects without making a die of the object.
• To enhance local manufacturing and increase country the  3d printing business.

Project Implementation Method

• The first step is to design the desired object on any of CAD tool, any CAD program is fine.
• After drawing the 3D vector diagram of the desired model its STL file is fed to slic3r software.
• The slic3r software can slice the digital design into hundreds or thousands of layers.
• G-code of a file is also created by slic3r which easily readable by a machine.
• The generated G-code is fed to Pronterface which run this code with the help of Arduino program.
• Pronterface can make the software interfacing  hardware
• PLA material passes from the extruder to hot end and after extrusion of material output is developed.
• By the coordination of controller, stepper motors, motor drivers, extruder and heat bed the desired model is manufactured as an output.

Benefits of the Project

The major benefits of the 3D printer are followings:

• The additive technique used by 3D printing is Less Waste Production method.
• There is not any wastage of material on the other hand Subtractive manufacturing methods, such as CNC milling cause high volumes of waste material
• Complex parts can be designed easily using this machine.
• The speed at which parts can be produced compared to traditional manufacturing methods is very useful.
• Complex designs can be uploaded from a CAD model and printed in a few hours.
• Most of the parts require a large number of manufacturing steps to be created in traditional techniques while 3D printing is a single step manufacturing process
• Single step manufacturing technique can decrease the effects on the quality of the product and improve its appearance.
• This process is cost-effective too because it decreases the cost of labor and manufacturing.
• One can get the feel of thing you can’t get from a picture or virtual prototype on the computer screen as in your hand.
• With the prototype of any product, one can easily get feedback from the market before launching his product.
• Before working on the expensive investment one can make a look at its low-cost 3D model.
• 3D printing has too much used in the field of medical also, one can easily create damaged body parts such as teeth, arms, fingers, legs, etc.
• The additive technique is a cost-effective, Faster Production and Easily Accessible process.
• It is a Risk Reduction process of manufacturing.

   

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Hardware Specifications:

• Controller board Arduino Mega 2560
• Ramp Shield 1.4
• Stepper Motors NEMA 17
• Motor Driver IC A4988
• Extruder
• Hot End
• Heat Bed 
• PLA Filament
• Mechanical Structure
• Limit Switches
• Power Supply 

Software Specifications:

• Auto CAD (a Design Tool)
• Slic3r (To generate G code)
• Pronterface (Software-Hardware Interfacing)

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Type of Industry

Manufacturing

Technologies

3D/4D Printing

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com