Automatic fault detection and Protection of three phase Induction Motor

In this project, the faults are detected and three phase induction motor is protected also message is displayed on LCD. There is one PIC microcontroller used to detect the fault like over current also controller is used to switch the relays. Relays are used to operate supply to switch off all the lo

Project Title

Automatic fault detection and Protection of three phase Induction Motor

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

In this project, the faults are detected and three phase induction motor is protected also message is displayed on LCD. There is one PIC microcontroller used to detect the fault like over current also controller is used to switch the relays. Relays are used to operate supply to switch off all the loads in case of short circuit. When there is short circuited in between any of the two phases there is motor tripping depends upon time duration of the fault.
In this project Proposal GSM model base we will design and when fault will occur then give signal to the consumer as well as fault will display on 16*2 LCD Display.

In an electric power system, a fault is any abnormal flow of electric current. For example a short circuit is a fault in which current flow by passes the normal load. In three phase systems, a fault may involve one or more phases and ground, or may occur only between phases. In a “ground fault” or “earth fault”, current flows into the earth. The prospective short circuit current of a fault can be calculated for power systems. In power systems, protective devices detect fault conditions and operate circuit breakers and other devices to limit the loss of service due to a failure. An induction or asynchronous motor is an AC electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. An induction motor therefore does not require mechanical commutation, separate-excitation or self- excitation for all or part of the energy transferred from stator to rotor, as in universal, DC and large synchronous motors. An induction motor's rotor can be either wound type or squirrel-cage type.

Three-phase induction (asynchronous) motors are industrial work- horses, responsible for consumption of 40–50% of generated electrical power. Therefore, the diagnostics of induction motor problems are of prime importance. There are different kinds of induction motor faults, broadly classified as rotor and stator faults. The source of such faults could be external and/or internal due to various electrical, environmental, mechanical reasons.

In this project, the faults are detected and after clearing those faults motor get auto turn on which depends on temporary or permanent faults. There are one PIC microcontroller is used to detect the faults like short circuit and over/under voltage and turn off motor as well as display the message on LCD display. Relays are used to operate supply to switch off load in case of short circuit

Project Objectives

The objectives of this research are outlined as follows:
1)  Proper working and protection of three phase induction motor And If short circuit is there then it display on the LCD.
2)  Reduction in supply recovering time as well as Reduction in fault finding time.
3)  To avoid the uneven situation of motor and Maintain the supply voltage automatically during the Auto reset of the motor.

Project Implementation Method

Multiple methods and di?erent approaches have been established and evaluated successfully, in order to detect and diagnose the faults of induction motors (IMs). The aim of this thesis is to present novel fault detection and isolation methods for the case of induction machines that would have the merit to be implemented on-line and being characterized by speci?c novel capabilities, when compared with the existing techniques. More speci?cally both the cases of model-based and modeless (model-free) fault detection and isolation methods have been considered. The proposed methods have been based on:
In this project, the faults are automatically detected and after clearing those faults like short circuit and over voltage, motor get auto turn on which depends on type of fault (temporary or perm net).
The project output resets automatically after a brief interruption in the event temporary fault while it remains in tripped condition in case of permanent fault. The electrical substation which supply the power to the consumers, have failures due to some faults which can be temporary or permanent. IC555 timers are used for handling short duration and long duration fault conditions.
While the fault is occurred then the inbuilt ADC of the PIC18F452 is sense the voltage level according to programming and behaves active LOW/active HIGH, then relay operated. Hence during the short period short circuit fault motor get auto started after clearing fault but for long period short circuit fault motor get turn OFF permanently and shows the message on LCD display. This is low cost solution for protection of three phase induction motor in rural area as well as in industrial area.
In this project we will design complete model or we can say prototype based on Microcontroller GSM and other Relay module and many further details already gives in summary section.

Benefits of the Project

When current of the induction motor exceeds its predetermined limit it will detected as an over current. To sense the current taken by the load; current transformers are used with 1A secondary current. It is converted into the 5V dc and given to the ADC of the PIC controller. When load current exceeds its predetermined limits it is detected as over current and message will be displayed on the LCD display.
Operation can be done in within micro seconds that’s why motor cannot be damage.
Permanent faults are those that will not clear upon tripping and reclosing. An example of a permanent fault on an overhead line is a broken wire causing a phase to open, or a broken pole causing the phases to short together. Faults on underground cables should be considered permanent. Cable faults should be cleared without auto reclosing and the damaged cable repaired before service is restored. There may be exceptions to this, as in the case of circuits composed of both underground cables and overhead lines.
Although auto reclosing success rates vary from one company to another, it is clear that the majority of faults can be successfully cleared by the proper use of tripping and auto reclosing. To overcome this damage of the induction motor this auto corrector and protector model should be useful and also the varying voltage of the induction motor can be displayed.
1)  To maintain the voltage level during the auto restarting and To improve the motor efficiency.

2) To avoid wastages of time due to interruption of supply caused by short circuit

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

In this project, the faults are detected and three phase induction motor is protected also message is displayed on LCD. There is one PIC microcontroller used to detect the fault like over current also controller is used to switch the relays. Relays are used to operate supply to switch off all the loads in case of short circuit. When there is short circuited in between any of the two phases there is motor tripping depends upon time duration of the fault.
And GSM find the correct point of fault and give signal to the consumer or to operator and he will easily find the fault and also find the type of fault rather permanent fault or temporary fault.  
In this project, a protection system has been designed for safeguarding induction motors against all possible faults. Sensors are used to keep tabs on temperature, vibrations and speed. A current and voltage transformer is used in the system to check the current and voltage respectively. Assuming that any error is seen throughout online operation of the motor, a cautioning message shows up on computer and afterward the motor is halted. The point when an unclear flaw happens, the motor stops without giving any warnings. Hence, the flaw might be portrayed and found by the human operator. The test has been successful in locating the shortcomings and in recouping them. PLC based protection system is far better that the other protection systems which use timers, contactors, current and voltage relays. Microcontroller based protection system uses analog to digital conversion card. Therefore by using a PLC all the above mentioned components can be eliminated and the operator will be able to visualize the operation of the motor and its electrical parameters.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Security

Other Industries

Agriculture , Energy , Manufacturing

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Augmented & Virtual Reality

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com