Analysis of spectral signatures of soil type using data mining techniques

Basically this project named ?Analysis of spectral signatures of soil types using the data mining techniques? is based on artificial intelligence. This project is designed for the classification of different soil types. As different soils are suitable for the cultivation of differen

Project Title

Analysis of spectral signatures of soil type using data mining techniques

Project Area of Specialization

Artificial Intelligence

Project Summary

Basically this project named “Analysis of spectral signatures of soil types using the data mining techniques” is based on artificial intelligence. This project is designed for the classification of different soil types. As different soils are suitable for the cultivation of different crops, so there is a need to do this thing digitally. This project will be used for the classification of soil types using the different techniques of artificial intelligence. This is the first time when this thing is going to be implemented in Pakistan at this project level. This project is going to work on the spatial data by using the "Landsat8". There are ultra violet rays that projecting from sun on the earth. These are reflected back and the reflected rays give a value that is known as band value. There are different types of bands. These different values are picked from the pixel level of earth. Every pixel has its own values that are specific. there are some other parameters involved that are very necessary in the process of determination of the soil type. These band value will be used to train the model and then the input will be in the form of image or these values and the system will predict the soil type.

Project Objectives

Objectives of Project:
   Unlike the manual methods this will be digital and it will have the capability of collecting the data digitally. There are different objectives of this system, some of are given in the following:
Automation of system:
    This system will be helpful for common people to find the soil type easily by using this system. This system will be reusable for anyone. There will be no need to go and check the sight for the soil type. It will give you the information about the soil type in your location about any location.
Accuracy:
    This system will have the highest accuracy ever in this department of agriculture. As people invest a lot of money in this process and they could not get the best results, but it will be too good to classify the type easily without the investment of money.
Consistency:
    Due to factors like human errors and the instrumental error there are always chances for a wrong perception or guess. It will eliminate the inconsistency by reducing the maximum errors. Having a consistent system, you can achieve the thing that you want from a system.
Insights:
    The right and perfect system does more then the ordinary things. It will give you the required data more quickly so that you can maximize the working. You can manage the records that are given from this system.

Project Implementation Method

There are certain steps for the implementation of this system. The implementation method is given in the following:
There is a basic need of co-ordinates of the area that is going to be analyzed. 
There is a next step of image acquisition that involves the capturing the image of that location. We will use the third party site for this purpose. We are going to use the Earth Explorer of USGS Organization.  There is a satellite Landsate8 that will be used to capture a high resolution image of earth of size 175km*185km.
In the next there will be a proper data and feature extraction of that image. This process will give us the band values that are the necessary and the most important part of the project. These band values are extracted using the ArcGIS provided by ESRI and NASA. By importing images in this tool you will have a very vast area. You will enter the co-ordinates of your required location. It will take you to the pixel level. Every pixel will give you a different set of values. There are some other parameters that are very important to consider here. here is a lot of effect of sun elevation on that particular area. Band reflectance and other reflexive band values are also important in this process. 
In the next step there will be a model training on the base of the data extracted from images. This will contain the labeling of all the band values and other important parameters and soil types.
We will use the different algorithms that are available for different scenarios. We will select the feasible algorithm that will give us the high accuracy and perfect prediction.
 

Benefits of the Project

There would be different advantages and benifits of this project, some are given in the following:

• This system will be able to predict the soil types of soil among the 11 soil types.
• This system will predict and classify the soil types digitally.
• This will reduce the human error and other machinery  errors that are committed during the classification of soil.
• This will reduce the human effort and labor.
• This system will be able to predict and classify the soil type of unreachable areas for human.
• This system will reduce the cost of transportation.
• This system will save the time of people that is wasted in laboratories and experiments.
• This system will save a lot of investments that are used in laboratories. 
• This system will be accessible for a common man.
• This system will be helpful for farmers to get the right and suitable crop for their land.
• This system would be helpful for the improvement of agricultural system of our country.
• This process of soil types classification would be cost effective, non destructive, environment friendly, repeatable and producible because it is all done digitally over the computer and interent,

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Technical details:
    There are some technical things that are every necessary for the operation of this system. This system will require a good hardware and processor for its best and optimal working. You will need a core i3 or above system with 4GB RAM and 100 GB storage. There are some third-party tools that are used for its complete working. Google Map Earth Explorer and ArcGIS are the main tools that are involved in this project. Links of these tools are given.
https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/
https://www.arcgis.com/
 

Final Deliverable of the Project

Software System

Core Industry

Agriculture

Other Industries

IT , Agriculture

Core Technology

Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Other Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

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