Water Metering System

Project Title

Water Metering System

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

In an average household vast amount of water is being wasted as there is no proper check and balance. Currently, a household pays a certain amount, no matter how much water it consumes However, the deployment of our project will have an immense impact on the behaviour of society. The people in the society will be more conscious of water usage as our device provides real-time metering of water consumption, informing the consumer that either he exceeded a certain limit or not We also provide a stimulus for our customers, that if a consumer stays within a specific limit of water usage, then he will be compensated with a discount for the current or succeeding month. We can say that the effective implementation of our concept can bring a massive change in the water consumption habit of society. Furthermore, it will give more control to the authorities for a more just system for the distribution of water. There is substantial evidence to indicate that a water metering system results in lower water consumption by customers, improved customer engagement and communication and most importantly better water conservation. We plan to introduce more features to our project which will help to detect water leakages.

Project Objectives

Pakistan is on the verge of turning into a water deficit us of a and becoming ranked a water deficit us of a consistent with the “deliver aspect” criteria advanced with the aid of John Waterbury and Malin Falkenmark. This threat arises as there is no proper plan for water conservation and no infrastructure for just the distribution of water. In an average household vast amount of water is being wasted as there is no proper check and balance. Currently, a household pays a certain amount, no matter how much water it consumes. Our prime objective is to encounter the defected water distribution system and to ensure an intelligent technique for water conservation. The objective of the project is to design and implement a Water Metering Framework that will collect the water consumption data of consumers and monitor it in real-time. This project will also help to ensure fair billing for each consumer. By introducing a fair billing application, our project aim is to induce a sense of responsibility among the customer to use the water more consciously. With our project feature of real-time metering, the people in the society will be more conscious of water usage as this feature will inform the consumer that either he has exceeded a certain limit or not.

Project Implementation Method

The prototype portrays the working of two water tanks suspended at different potentials and connected via pipes. The outlet from the upper tank and the inlet of the lower tank comprises water flow sensors. This setup displays the flow of water from the upper tank of a hotel to the outlet of a washroom.  A water pump and a water level indicator in the lower tank pump the water back to the upper tank as the water reaches a specific limit. Here, the water pump depicts the motor that pumps the water to the upper tank when the water is lower than a certain limit. The water flows through the water flow sensor connected to the outlet of the upper tank. The sensors generated pulses that the Arduino uses to calculate specific readings. These outlets represent the faucets present in a washroom. Arduino connected to the Wi-Fi module sends the refined data to the cloud database. The android application developed converts all the data from the database to a bill. So, as water flows through the outlet, some data is transmitted to Arduino through the sensor and then the data is updated in the android application. The updated data changes the stats of water usage of a consumer accordingly and in the end, it generates a bill after passing the data through an intelligently designed algorithm.

Benefits of the Project

In Pakistan, about 2% of available water is used by the domestic sector. However, many consumers pay a fixed amount for water usage for the water they've not used. Due to this defective system, the person who has carefully used water does not get any benefit for his effort. In a household vast amount of water is being wasted as there is no proper check and balance. Currently, a household pays a certain amount, no matter how much water it consumes. However, the deployment of our project will have an immense impact on the behaviour of society. The people of the society will be more conscious of water usage as our device provides real-time metering of water consumption, informing the consumer that either he exceeded a certain limit or not. We also provide a stimulus to our customers that if the consumer stays within a specific limit of water usage, then he was will be compensated with a discount for the current or succeeding month

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Our Water Metering System comprises of water flow sensor attached to the outlet from the upper tank and to the pipe of the main inlet. Here YF-S201 Hall Effect water sensor is used to determine the water flow. It operates at a voltage between 5V to 18V DC. 2.5” x 1.4” x 14” is the total size of the water flow sensor. Furthermore, we have a water level indicator connected to a water pump, both present in the bottom tank. Here e float switch working as the water level indicator has 10W switching power. As the water reaches a specific level, the float switch completes the circuit and helps the water pump to carry out its operation. Here a 12V DC water pump circulates the water from the lower tank to the upper tank. The maximum flow rate of the water pump is 10 L/Min. The water pump provides the maximum water head of approximately 5m. Next, we have Arduino UNO connected which is a flexible, low-priced, and user-friendly microcontroller board that can be integrated into a variety of electronic projects. It includes a USB connection, a reset button, and a power barrel jack. It features AVR microcontroller ATmega 328, 6 analogue input pins, and 14 digital I/O pins, out of which six pins are PWM outputs. To send and receive data from the cloud database we used the ESP8266 WiFi module. It comes pre-programmed with an AT command set firmware. It is an extremely cost-effective 18 board with an integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that allows the microcontroller access to the WiFi network. In the end, we have The application developed on Android Studio firstly depicts a separate login for administration and consumers. Moreover, it represents all the statistics on water consumption to the administration. It also compiles a bill according to the units consumed by the customers.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry OthersOther IndustriesCore Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Reduced Inequality, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Life on LandRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	62500
Water flow sensor	Equipment	3	3000	9000
Pipes	Equipment	6	250	1500
Water Tanks	Equipment	2	2500	5000
Arduino UNO	Equipment	2	1500	3000
Smart valve sensor	Equipment	4	5000	20000
Wooden Frame	Equipment	1	7000	7000
Cardboard	Miscellaneous	1	4000	4000
Wifi module	Equipment	2	1000	2000
Printing	Miscellaneous	1	5000	5000
Water pump	Equipment	2	1000	2000
Accessories(charger,wires,etc)	Equipment	1	4000	4000