Water Distribution System using PLC

Project Title

Water Distribution System using PLC

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary Motivation

The UN Sustainable Development Summit 2015 proved to be a land mark by approving a plan for transforming the word with 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of which one is specifically for water resourced i.e. Goal 6 stating “Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all”

Pakistan could "run dry" by 2025 as its water shortage is reaching an alarming level[1]. The average family wastes 180 gallons per week, or 9,400 gallons of water annually, from household leaks[2]. This wastage shall be minimized for sustainability.

•According to the International Benchmarking Network for Water and Sanitation Services, 35% of water is lost on average[iii]. Main causes are:

       –technical failures in the distribution process

       –leaks caused by unpredictable and unavoidable circumstance

Timely detection of leakage cannot only help in protecting water wastage but also help in avoiding damage at a large scale. More over it can help in avoiding damage to buildings. Our project is based on  Automatic Water Distribution and Monitoring of pipeline along with water Leakage detection.

Abstract

To maintain the clean water resources has been a big issue. The problem is due to the improper management, distribution and monitoring system. We propose a water distribution system with automatic leakage detection and supply control. By applying the automation such as Programmable Logic and Control (PLC) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) we can minimize these problems. The proposed distribution system will ensure 24 hours availability of water to the user and the billing will automatic and will be based on the quantity consumed. Additionally the control unit can detect large leakages in order to prevent loss of resource. To maintain the clean water resources has been a big issue. The problem is due to the improper management, distribution and monitoring system. We propose a water distribution system with automatic leakage detection and supply control. By applying the automation such as Programmable Logic and Control (PLC) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) we can minimize these problems. The proposed distribution system will ensure 24 hours availability of water to the user and the billing will automatic and will be based on the quantity consumed. Additionally the control unit can detect large leakages in order to prevent loss of resource.

  Refrences

[1] Dixit, R., Chaudhari, H., Jadhav, S. and Jagtap, K., 2017. Water Level and Leakage Detection System with its Quality Analysis based on Sensor for Home Application. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 4(11), pp.2395-0056.

[2]-Stancel, E., Stoian, I., Kovacs, I., Gyurka, B.Z. and Balogh, S., 2008, May. Urban water supply distributed control system. In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Automation, Quality and Testing, Robotics (Vol. 3, pp. 316-320). IEEE.

Project Objectives

1. Control and Monitoring of water reservoir and pipeline using PLC
2. To Leakage detection System
3.  GUI with administrator having option to select or change the price
4. Automatic Billing System
5. To Authorized access to SCADA(optional)

Project Implementation Method

Software Implementation: Using WinProladder software we build and tested ladder logic of our project. We have used Easybuilderpro software for the HMI design of project.
Hardware Implementation: First of all we interface our level switch with PLC and on the basis of level switch We ON/OFF our motor to fill the water tank. Then we interface Flow Sensor with PLC by using an analogue module to make it compatible with PLC. By using flow sensor we check flow of water in pipe line in liter per minute. By comparing the flow of water supplied and water consumed we detect the leakage practically. By checking the water consumed by each user we make the bill on the basis of water consumed.

Software Implementation:

Using WinProladder software we build and tested ladder logic of our project. We have used Easybuilderpro software for the HMI design of project.

 

Hardware Implementation:

First of all we interface our level switch with PLC and on the basis of level switch We ON/OFF our motor to fill the water tank.

Then we interface Flow Sensor with PLC by using an analogue module to make it compatible with PLC. By using flow sensor we check flow of water in pipe line in liter per minute.

By comparing the flow of water supplied and water consumed we detect the leakage practically.

By checking the water consumed by each user we make the bill on the basis of water consumed.

 Benefits of the Project

United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals:	Remarks	Level
GOAL 6 Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all	Directly links being water management system	High
GOAL 9 Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation	resilient infrastructure, industrialization, foster innovation	High
GOAL 11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable	Urbanization with water management	Medium
GOAL 12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns	Billing based on consumption of water	Low
GOAL 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss	Promote the eco-friendly system and sustainable infrastructure	Low

United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals:

GOAL 6

Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

GOAL 9

Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

GOAL 11

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

GOAL 12

Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

GOAL 15

Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

Technical Details of Final Deliverable Block Diagram

Input field devices that are Level switch, Flow sensor give input to the PLC. The PLC reads the input from the input field devices process it according to the program burned in PLC and gives control signals to relays which in turn operates the output field devices to control the process as shown in the figure 1

                

Process Diagram

First of all  water level monitering in the tank by using level switches to on/off the motor.to maintain the  constant pressure through out the pipelines.By using flow sensor we moniter the flow(liter per minute ) of water,and leakage in pipeline system is detected by comparing the diferrence between water supplied and water consumed,if differences occur main solenoid valve is opened by signaling through PLC.now the billing system is calculated on the basis on water consumption by the user and all this process is moniter and controlled on Global User Interface(GUI).

         

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry EducationOther Industries Manufacturing Core Technology Clean TechOther Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Clean Water and Sanitation, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and Production, Life on LandRequired Resources

United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals:	Remarks	Level
GOAL 6 Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all	Directly links being water management system	High
GOAL 9 Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation	resilient infrastructure, industrialization, foster innovation	High
GOAL 11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable	Urbanization with water management	Medium
GOAL 12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns	Billing based on consumption of water	Low
GOAL 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss	Promote the eco-friendly system and sustainable infrastructure	Low