Smart Energy Distribution and management System Based on IOT

Project Title

Smart Energy Distribution and management System Based on IOT

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

The distribution system in Pakistan is usually a three-phase and one neutral four-wire system and the amplitude of three-phase voltages and currents are the same exactly 120 degrees apart. The ASYMMETRICAL faults are causing because of the Domestic (residential and commercial loads) connected to the three-phase system. The domestic loads are single-phase and single neutral two-wire systems.  These single-phase loads lead to some areas overloaded and some areas with under-loaded. These different loads cause variations or unbalancing in a three-phase system which results in energy losses, overloading situations, overheating situations, returning current to neutral, etc. Electrical consumers are paying the high cost of bills despite the long duration of load shedding because of the gap between demand and supply of electricity and because of technical and non-technical losses. Currently, Pakistan has no imbalance load detection circuitry, due to some major flaws in the hierarchy of the electrical distribution system. Due to this reason, the electrical system within Pakistan is suffering from a severe energy demand crisis. Since Pakistan is an underdeveloped country, it suffers from a lack of controlling and monitoring systems to ensure the safety of the distribution system.

     In light of these issues, we need a smart solution to tackle and redeem these problems. We are going to provide a cost-effective solution to overcome and optimize the mandatory energy crisis. Our proposed system will overcome all these crises of losses because of the unbalancing loads of the distribution system. Our present study as depicted in Figure 1 is limited to six single-phase loads, these single-phase loads are connected to a three-phase distribution system. The PZEM modules and switching relays will be installed between domestic loads and a three-phase domestic network. The smart module (programmed by neuro-fuzzy logic) will be connected to PZEM smart meter for receiving real-time voltage, current, frequency readings. The smart module monitors loads, making I-V curves, and then applies Neuro-fuzzy logic which decides which load remains on the same phase and which load needs to be switched for balance phase currents.

                                                                                       

                                                                                   Figure 1: Demonstration of Proposed Smart Energy Distribution and management System Based on IoT

Project Objectives

1. A cost-effective real-time solution aimed to cure the energy crisis.
2. Introduction of smart real-time system monitoring & control of the electrical distribution system to Pakistan.
3. Using smart switching for balancing different loads connected to a three-phase distribution system.

Project Implementation Method

The implementation of the project is based on the neuro-fuzzy algorithm which is responsible to take decisions to change the load from one phase to the other. Neuro-fuzzy a machine learning algorithm that will reduce human efforts to monitor and balance the feeder.in our prototype six variable loads will be connected to the three-phase through 3 channel relays. also, the PZEM module will be connected to each load which will provide the VI curve. Both the PZEM module and the Relays will be connected to the Smart Module. the smart module will be the control center where all the decisions will be taken with the help of neuro-fuzzy logic. The smart module will change the load from one phase to another if the load on one phase is more than its capability.

Benefits of the Project

According to a study conducted over HESCO Power losses reduction [1] aimed through load balancing resulted in an annual saving of Rs=2.68 Million over one feeder to HESCO, so if we commercialize out product from the funding and deploy it over distribution systems of Electric Utility Companies within Pakistan, we estimate to save annually Rs=2.68 Million on each feeder. On the other hand, if we talk about the clients so the electricity distribution companies of Pakistan are at the top. In addition, the industries can also be facilitated which are facing high bills due to an unbalance feeder. The product has also immense potential at the consumer end where the smart module can be deployed in domestic consumers’ homes at the incoming 3 phase supply to monitor & balance loads within a single home. The motivation of the product is that Pakistan is an underdeveloped country where the electricity distribution companies are facing significant losses due to poor infrastructure resulting in high utility bills over both domestic & commercial consumers because of power loss at the distribution/ transmission lines. The project will contribute to coping with the technical losses by deploying a simple add-on cost-effective smart module in the existing infrastructure to provide load balancing and control using remote sensing.

Beneficiaries Sr. Beneficiary Description Number of Beneficiaries What makes them your direct beneficiaries Any Indirect beneficiaries 1

Electrical Distribution Companies

42 Electrical Power Distribution Companies within Pakistan The reduction in technical losses within the distribution system ensures a significant annual profit to distribution companies over their electrical power system. Government of Pakistan 2

Domestic Consumers

20 Million Population using electric utility within Pakistan Due to unbalancing, consumers are paying increased bills as compared to the units consumed monthly. Government of Pakistan 3

Commercial Consumers (Industries)

  Industries are high-end consumers of electric power which costs them significantly higher due to technical losses in the system. If we balance the load over the feeder end, their monthly bills will be greatly reduced.  Government of Pakistan

[1] SAHITO, AA, ZA MEMON, PH SHAIKH, AA RAJPER, and S. A. Memon. "Unbalanced Loading; An Overlooked Contributor to Power Losses in HESCO." Sindh University Research Journal-SURJ (Science Series) 47, no. 4 (2015).

Sr.123Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Our domestic single phase six loads are connected to the three-phase distribution system. The PZEM modules and switching relays will be installed between domestic loads and a three-phase domestic network. The smart module will be connected to PZEM for receiving real-time voltage, current, power factor readings. The smart module monitors loads, making IV curves, and then applies Neuro-fuzzy logic which decides which load remains on the same phase and which load needs to be switched for balance phase currents. The whole process is described in the following diagram.

                                                                                           

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Others Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI)Sustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Elapsed time in (days or weeks or month or quarter) since start of the project	Milestone	Deliverable
Month 1	Collection & Study ofLiterature	Completed
Month 2	Analysis of Proposed Scheme	Completed
Month 3	Preparation of Scheme/Model	completed
Month 4	Research paper data collection	completed
Month 5	Research paper writing	in progress
Month 6	Implementation of Scheme/Model	pending
Month 7	Analysis and Simulation, Hardware Testing	pending
Month 8	Result Formulation	pending
Month 9	Final Write-up & Thesis Submission	pending