Sensor less Control of Switched Reluctance Motor

Project Title

Sensor less Control of Switched Reluctance Motor

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

The industries are always looking for a cheaper product but also highly efficient. That’s why now these days induction motor is dominated by 85% of industries force to replacing the DC motor because of the DC motors costly maintenance of its brush commutator etc. The IGBT and thyristor are such low-cost electronics that the complex speed of induction motor compares to DC motor. Now it’s time to look for a future machine which gives us much more advantages over an induction motor.

For that purpose, we’re looking at SR motor as a future most efficient motor, its winding less rotor, high speed, and high torque density and most importantly cheaper to manufacture are such attractive characteristics of RMS by which it though as a most reliable motor in future.

In this project, we used flux linkage position estimation and control the speed of SRM by using an inner current loop exciting winding. Due to temperature dependency the phase resistance of SRM changes which creates significant errors in position estimation and affects the performance of the drive. To overcome this problem a novel algorithm for on-the-fly estimation of phase resistance is included. This project illustrates the description of the basic SR motor, system design concept, hardware implementation, and software design. 

Project Objectives

In our final FYP project, our main objective is the controlling of SR motor for that purpose we are going to design a sensor-less 3-phase switched reluctance motor drive and we used Freescale’s 56F80x/ 56F8300 dedicated motor control device in this project. The SR motor is simple, low-cost construction characterized due to the absence of magnets and rotor winding, and high level of performance over a wide speed range due to these entire characteristics the SR motor gaining wider popularity in these days.

The primary disadvantages of SRM being torque ripple and acoustic noise. Torque ripple stops SRM to secure place in the industry. This problem has to be tackled by introducing appropriate control methods. Many efforts have been put on by researchers around the globe and it seems the problem remains unsolved. This project contains a sensor-less speed closed-loop SR speed driver which also has an inner current loop using flux linkage position estimation.

Project Implementation Method

The Implementation of our final project is based on both Hardware as well as software. The implementation method of the whole project is shown in Figure below. The Arduino Uno acts as a controller which generate the PWM signal, which is used for the switching of the different phase in Asymmetric H-Bridge.

A Gate driver circuit is also used for the modification of PWM signal amplitude because the IGBT transistor which we used in the Asymmetric H-Bridge can only operate at +20V or -20V Gate to emitter voltage which is very high and the Arduino Uno can’t generate such high voltage so here we used the Gate driver circuit is an amplifier which amplified the generated PWM signal from the Arduino Uno.

                                             In the Asymmetric H-Bridge controlling step, we mainly prefer to digital control, in this control system the phase current combines with the magnetization characteristics defines the torque generated in the motor and the speed of the motor. In Digital control of SRM, the electronic control is required for the successful operation. This design gives permits the widest freedom of control because each phase is fully independent. We can establish a stroke on each phase simple by turn on those respective phase transistors

                                                 

Benefits of the Project

This project gives a total understanding of the internal structure and the working principle of a switched reluctance motor (SRM). This project also gives a strong grip of knowledge on flux estimation; flux estimation is the main property by which we can control the speed of our Switched reluctance motor.

Switched reluctance motor can achieve most of the goals in Hybrid Electrical vehicles (HEV) and electric vehicles (EV) because SRM offers high efficiency, high power density, high controllability, wide-speed operating range, and maintenance-free operation.

In Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) array fed water pump system we also used a Switched reluctance motor because by using SMR in this water pump system there are many advantages over the DC and AC motor such as the SRM has high torque density, low inertia, quick response, and especially low losses because of the absence of permanent magnet and winding of the rotor.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Our Final Project will be a controller of a 3-phase Switch reluctance Machine in which no mechanical Sensor will be used.  It will sense the current position of the rotor and on the required phase at that instant. It controls the speed of the SR motor its speed can vary from 600 RPM to 1600RPM. The speed will be set by a user from a given range.

                At the end of this project, we have a perfectly running SR motor with minimum torque ripple as much as possible because due to torque ripple, we cannot use the SRM in industries in place of DC motor and induction motor but the problem needs to handle by introducing an appropriate control method and at the end, we assembled the motor with the Asymmetric H-bridge, Gate driver circuit, and Arduino Uno.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology Clean TechOther TechnologiesSustainable Development GoalsRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	38062
Electronic items	Equipment	43	234	10062
SR Motor	Equipment	1	28000	28000