Precision Agriculture Robot for Seed Sowing to Maximize the Yield.
In general, all repetitive agricultural tasks are carried out either with the help of labor or heavy machinery. Several primitive methods of sowing seeds such as funnel pulled by animals, drilling pipes and drilling with a tractor were used. The techniques mentioned above require work, a lot of time
2025-06-28 16:28:51 - Adil Khan
Precision Agriculture Robot for Seed Sowing to Maximize the Yield.
Project Area of Specialization RoboticsProject SummaryIn general, all repetitive agricultural tasks are carried out either with the help of labor or heavy machinery. Several primitive methods of sowing seeds such as funnel pulled by animals, drilling pipes and drilling with a tractor were used. The techniques mentioned above require work, a lot of time and energy. The use of heavy machinery results in exposure to a high level of noise and vibration affecting the health and working performance of the farmer. The development of autonomous field robots is currently focusing on speed energy, efficiency sensor for guidance precision and Technogym activation such as wireless communication and GPS. Some of the main operations of farm automation are the process of sowing, weeding and spraying. When it comes to designing a robot to automate these operations, you have to break down your idea into two considerations which are the agricultural environment in which the robot / system will operate and the requirement for precision in the task compared to the methods. Traditional on the basis of this sowing process, the considerations that are taken into account in terms of the environment are: should be chosen taking into account the environmental effect of agriculture on their operation. Considering the fact of Pakistan's agricultural industry, the system to be developed must have an advantage over traditional methods and tractors in terms of cost, speed, precision of operation for which it is designed, fuel consumption and of physical energy required by man. By targeting these problems and considering them correctly, the end product will be of real help to farmers. A general-purpose autonomous robotic control system designed for agriculture, the field application has four main capabilities: guidance, sensing, action and mapping. This architecture has two Precision Agriculture Datasets (PFDS) and a Precision Agriculture Dataset (PADS) as a link between the systems. The PADs are continuously updated by detecting the required crop and soil information, based on this data detected by the PADs and the land navigation data in the PFDs, the monitoring operation can be carried out e.g. Fertilizer spraying. It is a four-wheeled vehicle which is controlled by the micro-controller. Its operation is based on precision agriculture which allows efficient sowing of seeds at an optimum depth and at an optimum distance between crops and their rows, specific to each type of crop.
Project ObjectivesPakistan is an agriculture country. There are many problems in the agriculture sector. Generally, all the repetitive agriculture tasks are being done either by the use of man power or heavy machine Several primitive seed sowing methods such as animal drawn funneling, pipe drilling and drilling using tractor were being used. consideration which are taken into account in terms of environment are : Robot must be able to move in straightway properly on bumpy roads of farm field, soil moisture content may affect the soil digging function sensor to be selected for the system must be chosen by considering farming environmental effect on their working.
Project Implementation MethodIn traditional agriculture, there are many procedures such as digging holes, seeding seeds and cover holes with soil, which take a lot of time, but with the help of the proposed Agribot these tasks can be complete in one round. Thus, Agribot saves time in agriculture and increases productivity.
The Agribot performs its function through the interplay of the following mechanisms:
1. Hole Digging System
2. Seed Dispensing System
3. Hole Filling System
4. Control System and Sensors
5. Drive System
Benefits of the Project- Considering fact of farming industry of Pakistan.
- System to be develop must have advantage over traditional methods and tractors in terms of cost.
- Speed.
- Accuracy in operation for which it is designed.
- Fuel consumption and physical energy required by human for it.
- The robots do not get sick or tired and do not need free time, they can operate with tighter tolerances (i.e. each round is at full field capacity), they offer fewer errors and higher speeds, and higher quality products can be ensured with machines in mind.
- Because machines can be made lighter and cheaper when the driver's seat, controls and cab can be removed, robots can be used in various areas of agriculture, robots can easily move around trees, rocks, ponds and other obstacles.
- Robots can reduce up to 80% of pesticide use on a farm.
- Robots have many uses in agriculture, including Merlin Robot Milker, Rosphere, Harvest Automation, Orange Harvester, Lettuce Bot, and Weather. Author: Harvest Automation Inc.
- The RV100 is used for handling and arranging potted plants, including remote operations, assembly and consolidation, the RV100 for this task offers high placement accuracy, independent outdoor and indoor operation, and lower production costs.
The end product is a prototype that performs the seed operation. Agricultural robots, whose introduction is based on the concept of precision farming, are new evolving technologies. The design of such robots is modeled based on the particular precision and particular aspects of the agri-environment in which it operates. It is a car with four wheels controlled by the microcontroller. The operation is based on precise cultivation, which enables efficient sowing of seeds at the optimum depth and optimal distances between crops and their rows for each crop species. The main microcontroller, which is connected to various sensors and actuators. This robot shows its operation on a 16 * 2 LCD screen. Two infrared sensors are used for the seed box and remote detection. The main controller is powered by a 9 volt power supply and the charge is connected to a 12 volt power supply. The actuators are connected to the relay system. The microcontroller detects the tank level if the condition is not valid and then sends control signals to the stack model to initiate a seed drop to fill the tank. In startup mode, the delete function starts. When instructions are received from the master computer controller, the robot performs the operation. The robot can go from left to right up and down with four DC motors for the wheels. These DC motors are controlled by the motor controller. The general task of the robot is to identify the distance between cultivation intervals and then move it to perform the seeding operation on the farm.
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry AgricultureOther IndustriesCore Technology RoboticsOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Quality Education, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Partnerships to achieve the GoalRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 51750 | |||
| Microcontroller | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| L293D Motor Driver | Equipment | 5 | 800 | 4000 |
| LCD Display | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Power Supply | Equipment | 1 | 2250 | 2250 |
| Switches | Equipment | 2 | 500 | 1000 |
| IR Sensors | Equipment | 5 | 200 | 1000 |
| Ultrasonic Sensors | Equipment | 5 | 300 | 1500 |
| DC Motor | Equipment | 5 | 5500 | 27500 |
| Monocrystalline Solar Panel 40 Watt | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Spares | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |