Power Management of Hybrid System in Smart Grid Environment Using FPGA

Performance of Renewable resources are totally depends on weather. In cloudy condition, the throughput of solar power house is affected. Similarly, in unfavorable wind condition, throughput of wind power house is also affected. To fulfill the energy gap, thermal generators play a role as an alternat

Project Title

Power Management of Hybrid System in Smart Grid Environment Using FPGA

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Performance of Renewable resources are totally depends on weather. In cloudy condition, the throughput of solar power house is affected. Similarly, in unfavorable wind condition, throughput of wind power house is also affected. To fulfill the energy gap, thermal generators play a role as an alternative power source.

In this project, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based algorithm is developed for the management of solar and wind power shortage during unfavorable conditions. Algorithm take decision on the basis of less renewable power throughput and arrange the alternative thermal resource using switching mechanism. Switching unit is operated by FPGA for the arrangement of alternate generator. In our consideration throughput is totally depends on the final power output of solar and wind station.

Except this, consumption of power at the load side is also monitor through a wattmeter and by converting it into digital form it sends the data to the FPGA. Remaining, our algorithm works, it takes decision on the basis of receiving data that how much power should be transmit. Gives priority to the renewable resources to make the system cost efficient

Project Objectives

As Electrical grid is a huge system. So it is impossible to cover whole of the process as a project. That’s why, we just target on Distribution system.

            Basically we are going to make a Decision making system for distribution purpose also referred to as an intelligent system. In which, FPGA based algorithm can manage and control the renewable resources. Main objectives of our project are as follows:

1. Algorithm continuously monitors the state of renewable resources. As the throughput of renewable resources affected due to unfavorable climatic conditions, system automatically switch to the alternative resources to fulfill the load requirement. 
2. Algorithm supply the exact amount of power that require at the load side, to make the system cost efficient and decrease power losses.

Project Implementation Method

• Throughputs of Renewable sources are monitor through monitoring circuits and transmit the output to FPGA.
• Amount of power consumption at the load side is monitor through wattmeter and transmit the data to FPGA in digital form.
• Algorithm in FPGA takes decision on the basis of this data and operate the switching circuit.
• Through switching circuit, alternative thermal generators turn off or on as per the requirement of load or weather conditions.

• Monitoring circuits monitor the throughput of renewable resources and transmit the data to the FPGA. As it is stated earlier that the drawback of voltage fluctuation is present in both of the renewable resources and to absorb this fluctuation, batteries have been used. So our monitoring circuits basically monitors the batteries connected with renewable resources.

Benefits of the Project

• Energy saving through reducing energy waste
• Accurate billing system
• Fraud detection
• Better power quality
• Protective management of electrical network in emergency conditions
• More reliable
• More efficient
• Intelligent Devices which are capable of deciding when to consume energy based on customer preset preferences.
• Smart Meters that can provide two way communication between consumer and service provider for automatic billing system, power failure and fault detection.
• Smart substations that can monitor and control power status, power factor, power failure and security issues
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Technical Details of Final Deliverable

According to the fact that almost 90% of power losses and disturbances occurs at the distribution part, the concept of smart grid first introduce to overcome this problem. Moreover, increase in the population results in increase in the usage of fossil fuels for generation of electricity, utility companies tends to modernize their distribution network so that they can protect their revenue. In the recent years, AMI also contribute to the smart grid with the benefits of theft detection, two-way communication, alarm and better management of the grid.

Smart grid is the combination of technologies that replace the generation, transmission and distribution process of existing grid system to two-way communication, intelligent devices and single ended supervision. But it is not possible to use smart grid as a complement of existing grid system, means we should not or cannot change the whole existing system, we can just modify it. Presently, the cost of AMI is too high, but industries believes that in the future old grid and new grid systems will operate mutually and that future is not so far.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

IT

Other Industries

Energy

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Clean Tech

Sustainable Development Goals

Responsible Consumption and Production

Required Resources

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