Portable High Voltage Electromagnetic Pulse Generator

Project Title

Portable High Voltage Electromagnetic Pulse Generator

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is a very high intensity and rapid burst of wide-band electromagnetic radiation

EMPs can cause power outages and can damage electronics

Sending a rapidly changing electrical current through a loop will create an electromagnetic field in the form of a pulse

Emp generator can be used in the newly emerging fields like bioelectrics.

Natural types of EMP include:

–Lightning EMP (LEMP)

–Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

–Meteoric EMP

–Coronal mass ejection (CME)

A switching action of electrical circuitry can used to create a man made EMP event.

In the digital word of today, everything is governed by electronic equipment. In case of any war, a weapon that destroys all electronics withing its vicinity will play a vital role.

High power electromagnetic pulses are of great importance in a variety of applications such as transient radar, to stop cars, to cut through steels, in investigations of the effect of strong radio-frequency impulses on electronic systems and modem bio-medical technology. The purpose of the said pulse is to induce a potential, or voltage, that heats up electronic material so quickly that it changes the crystal lattice structure of the material and thereby electrically destroying it. Such a pulse generator can have good military applications.

it is a basic concept of our project which can be given below:

Step 1

12 V DC input to a multi-level boost converter will yield upto 1000 V DC output with 5 stages:

Each capacitor will have upto 200 DC Volt:

 All boosted voltage in series at each stage of the multilevel boost converter will give an output of about 1000V DC

Step 2:

The output of multi-level boost converter is DC, which will be converted to AC using an inverter in order to give an AC input to walton-cockroft voltage multiplier:

• STW9N150 Mosfet and many other options have a voltage rating of 1500 V DC

• The major component of an inverter circuit is the MOSFET:

• Hence, the 1000 DC voltage is converted now to 1000 AC voltage

Step 3:

The Walton-cockroft voltage multiplier utilizes and AC input and produces a DC output. The Walton-cockroft voltage multiplier with 10 stages will be used to yield a 10, 000 (10K) DC Voltage output. There are 10 stages that will be used in the voltage multiplier, a 1000 (1K) volt DC voltage will appear across each capacitor. All stages in series will yield a total of 10,000 (10K) V DC output which will be used for the emp.

• Voltage multiplier circuit example:

Flow Diagram

Project Objectives

The main objective of our project is given below:

* To create strong EMP (up to 10, 000 Volts) from an inductive coil

* The goal of an EMP is to destroy or stop working all electronic equipment's that are within its vicinity.

Project Implementation Method

First of all we select four members of our group it's a very difficult task, then one day we arranged a meeting of our group memebrrs and discussed about so many projects

and then we decided to make Electromagnetic pulse generator and then we decided to make Electromagnetic pulse generatorof high voltage 10 KV because it is a very unique project then we see different videos in YouTube about this project and read so many research paper 
And then we decided a one day to visit  a market to purchase equipment of EMP(10kv) project  we faced so difficulty to make this project but Allah helps us alot during this phase and then first we make this project in matlab and we successfuly achieved our desire result and then we make project in hardware foam

we all know that many scientists and engineers has made Electromagnetic pulse generator of different low voltage rating but we made Electromagnetic magnetic pulse generator in a very high voltage rating approximately 10KV.

There is equipment we bought from the market

–MOSFETs for boost converter and inverter

–High Voltage DC Capacitors

–Power Diodes

–Power Resistor

–Metallic elements for spark gaps

–Inductive coil for emp generation

–Plastic frame

–Rectifier circuit for input

–Protective shielding to protect the built circuits

–Digital equipment's to test the generated EMP

Arduino Nano

•To provide PWM signal (Duty Cycle) to the multi level boost converter

•To provide PWM signal to MOSFET’s of the inverter

Electrolytic Capacitors (200V)

•To store energy in the multi-level (5 stages) boost converter

•To be used in series to provide up to 1 kV DC output voltage (200 V across each stage)

7809 Voltage Regulator

•To provide a constant 9 V DC output (for powering Arduino) with a varying/fixed DC input of range 7-35 V

MOSFET (STFW4N150)

•To be used in the inverter for converting the DC output (1 kV) of multilevel boost converter to an AC output signal (1 kV).

•Rating= 1500 V, 4 A

Ceramic Capacitors (2 kV)

•To be used in the Cockcroft Walton voltage multiplier

•2 kV DC across each capacitor, 5 stages in series yield a total of 10 kV DC output

Ceramic Capacitors (15 kV)

•To be used in the EMP circuit

•10 kV DC output of voltage multiplier being used in the emp circuit as a source will be dissipated and stored in this capacitor.

Spark Gap

•To provide High Voltage switching action for the generation of electromagnetic pulse

Benefits of the Project The main benefits and importance of this project is given below

High power electromagnetic pulses are of great importance in a variety of applications such as

transient radar,

to stop cars,

to cut through steels,

in investigations of the effect of strong radio-frequency impulses on electronic systems and modem bio-medical technology.

The purpose of the said pulse is to induce a potential, or voltage, that heats up electronic material so quickly that it changes the crystal lattice structure of the material and thereby electrically destroying it.

Such a pulse generator can have good military applications.

In the digital word of today, everything is governed by electronic equipment. In case of any war, a weapon that destroys all electronics withing its vicinity will play a vital role.

The goal of an EMP is to destroy or stop working all electronic equipment's that are within its vicinity.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable Flow Diagram

Breakdown of Operations

DC/DC Voltage Boost Converter

•Li = Inductor Current

•PWM = Pulse Width Modulated Signal

•d = Duty Cycle of PWM generator

•Ci = Capacitor Current

MOSFET used as a Switch

We get boosted voltage at the output. The Mathematical equation supporting the Voltage boosting

D = Duty Cycle of PWM Signal

Vin = Input Voltage

Vout = Output Voltage

•Schottky Diodes are generally used in Boost converters

•Low recovery time for high speed switching

•Low forward voltage drop to reduce losses

DC/DC Voltage Multi-level Boost Converter

Multi-level Boost Converter is nothing but just

A ladder connection of multiple single level boost converter

N = Number of Levels

Higher Level of duty cycle will yield Higher output Voltage

DC/DC Voltage Multi-level Boost Converter

Change of i during on time will be equal to change of i during off time

Output Voltage of Single level Boost Converter

Output Voltage of Multi-level Boost Converter

N = Number of Levels

D = Duty cycle of the MOSFET/IGBT

DC/DC Voltage Multi-level Boost Converter

Multi-level Boost Converter is nothing but just

A ladder connection of multiple single level boost converter

Output of 5 level

Boost converter

DC/AC Inverter

Dc Inverter in used to convert

The DC output of boost converter to AC.

Inverter doesn’t affect the magnitude of the Voltage. It neither step up nor  step down The magnitude of the voltage

But Why do we use Inverter?

Since we are sending the output  Voltage from the boost converter to Cockroft-Walton Voltage Multiplier,

We have to convert the DC current to AC. Because Cockroft-Walton Multiplier takes  Input only in AC.

6 Pulse DC/AC Inverter But Why do we use Inverter?

Since we are sending the output Voltage from the boost converter to Cockroft-Walton Voltage Multiplier,

We have to convert the DC current to ACBecause Cockroft-Walton Multiplier takes Input only in AC. 6 Pulse Inverter converts the  DC to 3-phase AC.

Voltage Multipliers

A voltage quadrupler is a stacked combination of two doublers shown in Figure below.

Each doubler provides 10 V (8.6 V) for a series total at node 2 with respect to ground of 20 V (17.2 V)

CockRoft-Walton Voltage Multiplier

A voltage multiplier of cascaded half-wave doublers of arbitrary length is known as a Cockcroft-Walton multiplier as shown in Figure below. The advantage over a conventional supply is that an expensive high voltage transformer is not required– at least not as high as the output.

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Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry SecurityOther IndustriesCore Technology RoboticsOther TechnologiesSustainable Development GoalsRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	68550
Arduino Nano	Equipment	1	1200	1200
Capacitors	Equipment	10	500	5000
battery	Equipment	1	1500	1500
Diodes	Equipment	30	50	1500
MOSFET	Equipment	15	60	900
7809 Voltage Regulator	Equipment	2	100	200
Ceramic Capacitors (2 kV)	Equipment	20	200	4000
Ceramic Capacitors (15 kV	Equipment	11	175	1925
Spark Gap	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Inductor	Equipment	10	100	1000
Frame	Equipment	1	2000	2000
wires	Equipment	60	100	6000
multimeter	Equipment	1	6000	6000
soldering iron	Equipment	1	1000	1000
card board	Equipment	1	100	100
Arduino Nano	Equipment	1	1200	1200
Capacitors	Equipment	10	500	5000
battery	Equipment	1	1500	1500
Diodes	Equipment	30	50	1500
MOSFET	Equipment	15	60	900
7809 Voltage Regulator	Equipment	2	100	200
Ceramic Capacitors (2 kV)	Equipment	20	200	4000
Ceramic Capacitors (15 kV	Equipment	11	175	1925
Spark Gap	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Inductor	Equipment	10	100	1000
Frame	Equipment	1	2000	2000
wires	Equipment	60	100	6000
multimeter	Equipment	1	6000	6000
soldering iron	Equipment	1	1000	1000