PLC BASED ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Our Project ?PLC BASED ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM? is such a system in which we are providing new methods of power loss reduction. Actually we are managing the load through our project. It can be executed in any sort of conditions such as homes, colleges, ventures and other elevated s
2025-06-28 16:34:29 - Adil Khan
PLC BASED ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject SummaryOur Project “PLC BASED ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” is such a system in which we are providing new methods of power loss reduction. Actually we are managing the load through our project. It can be executed in any sort of conditions such as homes, colleges, ventures and other elevated structures for productive use of power. This system utilizes the available amount of electricity in more efficient manner and also achieve savings in electricity for particular organization, homes and ultimately for the whole country. We have used the PLC because to availability of more number of I/O pins, safety, large capacity and it can be easily modified to meet the needs of the customers. On the other hand microcontroller limit us in space, no of I/O pins, memory etc. In this system we have made the sensors as active sensors. We have utilized SCADA framework as a fundamental piece of this energy management system for observing and controlling of different appliances and apparatuses for specific private load.
As our country is in great dire of electricity, so, the main advantage of this system in such conditions is that it will be saving a lot of electricity and serves as a cause of reduction in Electricity Bills. Moreover, this system provides full automation by controlling all the loads (AC, Water Pump, Heater, Fan Tube Lights, and Bulbs etc.) by using sensors, which ultimately saves time and offers reliability.
Project Objectives•The objective was to outline a framework which can be executed in any sort of condition, for example, home, ventures, colleges and other elevated structures for productive usage of power.
Project Implementation MethodFirst of all we dveloped the ladder logic (programmable language of plc) by conidering the requirements, what we want to control or how much automation we want to bring. As we know that the major household appliances which consumes huge ammount of electricity are AC , HEATER, FAN LIGHTS WATER PUMP etc. So, complexity of out project was that we have to acontrol all the appliances with PLC. We added an additional feature in our project that gas leakaage will also be detected and user will be notifed if any by turning on alaram and exhaust fan.
Once we developed all the program then we selected the hardware which was the most compatible with the system. The central command is with the PLC in our project and we selected the SIEMENS S7-1200 PLC. It is the latest PLC design by the siemens having alot of features and provides alot of ease. We started the hardware and software interfacing once we decided all the hardware part.
So by considering the hole diagram we can easily understand the whole implementation. As sensors are connected in inputs which will provide the data taken from user and then PLC will make changes in that signals according to the program written in the memory of the PLC and then will be transported to the output to actuaters, as a result turning on/off the fields devices. So we did wiring with big cables to connect 220V switches with the PLC and similarly for sensors.
Benefits of the ProjectThe technology related to power sector is advancing by leaps and bounds throughout the world. Engineers, technologists and scientists are working on daily basis to develop such system which will enhance the efficiency of power systems and utilize the available electricity in more efficient manner. The term electricity saving or energy management is not new to us, a plenty amount of work has been done on it. Most of energy management systems developed are performing some specific task and have limitations and cannot be executed in any sort of conditions. Most of them are microcontroller based and for small area. As we know that microcontroller cannot control hundreds of devices at a time due to many limitations like less memory space, timers, and counters, less number of inputs and outputs, processing speed. So the thing different in our project is that we have made such a system which can achieve the desired tasks in any kind of situation. As it is based on PLC which is fast, durable and connections can be extended for extra loads. That is why we have preferred PLC for energy management.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableWe have successfully concluded this project by getting all the desired results which we wanted when we were formulating the hypothesis. We have developed such an advanced energy management system which is the excellent example of automation and control. We have achieved our main goal of making this system intelligent by utilizing PLC which differentiates it from other previously developed projects. Good quality social benefits has been made through application of PLC based energy management system in practice, results shows that this system will be improved in future by merging it with latest technology coming.-All-the-results-gained-were-outstanding.
1) Starting with the lights when person enters the room and sensors detects the person, as a result lights of the room are turned on. We haven't use motion sensors which turns off the lights when motion is not detected.
2) Fans/ Heater / AC are related to temperture sensor. We have defined the threshhold and any of three is turned on according to temperature. We have also provided mannual switch so that user can control the system by itself also.
3) Gas sensors are installed and sussrccfully tested, whenever gas is detected, exhaust fan is turned on and when unable to control the gas the buzzer is also on ,so, thtat user will knows about gas leakage.
4) Smart water tank which fills the water in itsel when water is needed. Actually it calculates the time of the peak hours that how much water is needed for the user and fill only that ammount of water beacause electricity costs is higher at that time. So except peak hourse it performs normal operation and fills the water when water level drops down but with in peak hours it takes decision by itself and this capability makes it smart.Leds were also used to show the water level more clearly.
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemType of Industry Energy , Manufacturing , Health , Security Technologies Others, Clean TechSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Responsible Consumption and Production, Climate Action, Life on LandRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 56090 | |||
| IR SENSOR | Equipment | 4 | 150 | 600 |
| 4 C RELAYS | Equipment | 1 | 250 | 250 |
| MALE TO MALE JUMPER WIRES | Equipment | 1 | 100 | 100 |
| FEMALE TO FEMALE JUMPER WIRES | Equipment | 1 | 100 | 100 |
| 5V RELAY MODULE | Equipment | 1 | 80 | 80 |
| MINI SOLDERLESS BREADBOARD | Equipment | 1 | 100 | 100 |
| 13 YARDS WIRE | Equipment | 1 | 130 | 130 |
| 5 YARDS WIRE | Equipment | 1 | 90 | 90 |
| BULB | Equipment | 1 | 40 | 40 |
| WOODEN FRAME | Equipment | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| BANNER | Equipment | 1 | 370 | 370 |
| WATER PUMP | Equipment | 1 | 800 | 800 |
| WATER TANK | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| WATER PIPE | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| 11 MM TRANSPARENT GLUE STICK | Equipment | 5 | 20 | 100 |
| 7MM TRANSPARENT GLUE STICK | Equipment | 2 | 10 | 20 |
| 9V BATTERTY | Equipment | 1 | 50 | 50 |
| 9V BATTERY CONNECTOR | Equipment | 1 | 10 | 10 |
| 5V DC SUPPLY | Equipment | 1 | 120 | 120 |
| SHARP DISTANCE IR SENSOR LONG RANGE | Equipment | 5 | 900 | 4500 |
| DIGITAL TEMPERATURE MODULE | Equipment | 2 | 150 | 300 |
| 5V RELAY MODULE | Equipment | 1 | 80 | 80 |
| 5MM LED HIGH INTENSITY GREEN | Equipment | 3 | 5 | 15 |
| 5MM LED HIGH INTENSITY RED | Equipment | 3 | 5 | 15 |
| 5MM LED HIGH INTENSITY YELLOW | Equipment | 3 | 5 | 15 |
| 5MM LED HIGH INTENSITY BLUE | Equipment | 3 | 5 | 15 |
| HOUSEHOLD 220V AC SOCKET EXTENSION | Equipment | 1 | 150 | 150 |
| 1/4KW 5% 1K RESISTOR | Equipment | 10 | 2 | 20 |
| 40 YARDS WIRE | Equipment | 40 | 16 | 640 |
| ADHESIVE TAPE AND TRANSPARENT TAPE | Miscellaneous | 1 | 70 | 70 |
| WATER PIPES | Equipment | 2 | 50 | 100 |
| 15 YARDS TELEPHONE WIRE | Equipment | 15 | 13 | 195 |
| VOLTAGE REGULATORS | Equipment | 8 | 15 | 120 |
| THIN WIRE | Equipment | 20 | 15 | 300 |
| WOODEN FRAME FOR SENSORS | Equipment | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| 20 YARDS SINGLE PEAR TELEPHONE WIRE | Equipment | 20 | 15 | 300 |
| 5MM LED HIGH INTENSITY BLUE | Equipment | 5 | 3 | 15 |
| POSTER FOR FYP2 | Miscellaneous | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| RELAYS | Equipment | 4 | 30 | 120 |
| WOODEN FRAME FOR BANNER | Equipment | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| 4 PLUGS | Equipment | 4 | 20 | 80 |
| 1 MOBILE SHOO | Equipment | 1 | 30 | 30 |
| TAPE | Miscellaneous | 2 | 25 | 50 |
| SIEMENS S7-1200 PLC | Equipment | 1 | 38000 | 38000 |
| PRINTING, STATIONERY , OVERHEADS | Miscellaneous | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |