Optimized Nano Grid for Energy Management in PV installed Small Homes

In this project the four small PV installed homes are interconnected through a Nano Grid controller. In these homes a local controller is installed which communicates with the main controller for the power transfer between these homes. This system works in the islanded mode. The Nano grid (main cont

Project Title

Optimized Nano Grid for Energy Management in PV installed Small Homes

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

In this project the four small PV installed homes are interconnected through a Nano Grid controller. In these homes a local controller is installed which communicates with the main controller for the power transfer between these homes. This system works in the islanded mode. The Nano grid (main controller) is basically fulfilling the load demand of all homes by the bidirectional flow of power. A battery bank is installed to supply power when needed (Is considered as the last priority). Our designed project will be based on following cases for the local network. This project have been divided into two main cases, which have been described below:

1. When ONE home requires extra power from the system i.e it’s Generation<Load, Controller will look for other homes power generation. If any one of them have Generation>Load, it will provide that power to 1st home whose generation is less than load. If this condition is not satisfied than it will fulfill the demand from the battery bank to meet the requirement.
2. When all homes in a system are in optimal condition i.e Generation > Load then NANO grid controller will start to charge battery bank.

 Overview of the project:

                                              

Project Objectives

Country like Pakistan has vast potential of Solar PV. However, a large community is waiting for cost effective Solar PV solutions at small homes. There are certain characteristics of micro grid that needs to be adopted for a neighborhood network of Solar PV micro inverters and we are trying to build Nano grid for small homes to efficiently adopt power transfer between the small PV installed homes. Nano grid controller is basically the brain of the whole system, and provides systems the ability to coordinate multiple sources and optimize power production and consumption. In each home a local controller will be installed that will be used for the coordination with main Nano grid controller.

Project Implementation Method

Case1:

When any one of the four homes requires extra power from the system i.e. house three in the below diagram is demanding extra power from the system. House three local controller will send signal to the main controller to inform it that its load has increased than the power being generated and now Nano grid controller must provide power to house three according to its needs. Main controller will contact with the other three local controllers to supply it their excess power being generated. Then main controller will supply that power to the local controller three according to its needs. If none of these other local controllers can provide power or power provided by them is less than the need of local controller three, then main controller will switch towards the batteries to provide the required power to local three. The same procedure will be followed for every home in the system.

Case2:

The below block diagram is describing that when all of the four homes are working in optimal condition i.e. that the load of all homes are less than their generation. Means to say that there will be excess of power being generated. The main controller will be dealing with this excess power, as there will be interaction between the main controller and local controller of every house in the system. The main controller will utilize this power in a way to charge the battery bank installed in the system. So, that in a case if there is no options from the power sources the battery bank will provide the extra power if needed.

Benefits of the Project

This project will have r the following benefits:

• Cost efficient.
• Enhance power management.
• Minimize the Losses.
• Mostly works in Islanded mode. 
• Nano grid (A Nano grid is a single domain for voltage, reliability, and administration.)
• Intelligent controller (This is the brain of the system, and provides the systems the ability to coordinate multiple sources and optimize power production and consumption)
• Power distribution will be properly managed.
• Power flow will be from the source

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

In the following diagram given below, Arduino Mega is used as a main controller and other four are arduino UNO. Arduino UNO gives us information about the battery power and load. Arduino Mega is responsible for the efficient power management among them.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Others

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com