MOBDIW: Monitoring Of Brainwaves For Development Of Intelligent Wheelchair

If we start counting the number of people in our society with physical disabilities so we end up with very unfortunate results. According to Daily Times, there are 10 Million paralyze patients in Pakistan. Also, the Brain Stroke rate per 100,000 in Pakistan is

Project Title

MOBDIW: Monitoring Of Brainwaves For Development Of Intelligent Wheelchair

Project Area of Specialization

Biomedical Engineering

Project Summary

If we start counting the number of people in our society with physical disabilities so we end up with very unfortunate results. According to Daily Times, there are 10 Million paralyze patients in Pakistan. Also, the Brain Stroke rate per 100,000 in Pakistan is 250 so it is not only happening with old age people but unfortunately, the people affected are also teenagers. Such people get dependent on other people or totally get bedridden. So in the end, they need a wheelchair. The wheelchairs that are mostly available are manual wheelchairs and some of them are automatic but both of them need our hands to move them. So we want to develop a wheelchair that is easy to move without the hassle of using the hands as some of the paralyzed patients cannot move their hands. Our project helps such people to travel and live an independent life.

So we are going to use an EEG (Electroencephalography) sensor to solve this issue and we will be making a wheelchair based on brainwaves. The wheelchair works with any movement of Hands and legs. We will also add features according to the need and according to our further research. Well, we will be using different techniques to analyze the data coming from the sensor and to use this information to drive a wheelchair.

Project Objectives

1. The objective and motivation for this project are to make something for such patients who lost their body parts or for some reason their body parts get paralyzed. Many people who get disable because of some disease or accident are mostly dependent on the other so we want to make a wheelchair that helps them to get independent and improve their quality of life.
2. Using the brainwave data of different people we can develop some results that can help the biomedical industry in the future. As our aim is to make our project working precisely so we need brainwave data of healthy and unhealthy patients. So such data can work as a good starter for many biomedical projects.
3. Using the same sensor and data collected during research we can replace many of the face detection projects and help our society in many ways.

Project Implementation Method

The main part of this project is an EEG sensor that reads the EEG or brain waves. It can also detect eyeblinking. After reading the data it sends the data through WiFi or Bluetooth to our mobile or some microprocessor after the processing of data the motor of the wheelchair gets engaged and moves the wheelchair accordingly. We are also very much focused to use the feature of eye blinking because it will help us to improve our project working. We can use it to get any command from our users and it will also help us to know about the patient attention level. This Eye blinking feature is very much accurate and can be very useful for our project.

The data collected from the sensor is going to transfer to the MATLAB  software where it processes the output of the EEG Actually Brainwaves consists of mainly four coordinates that are ALPHA, BETA, THETA & DELTA. These coordinates are differentiated from each other on the basis of frequency level. The BETA coordinate indicates the meditation level of the person. If the frequency of ALPHA coordinate is high it shows the person is mentally relaxed. The same is the case with THETA & DELTA. THETA shows the person feeling drowsy and the high frequency of DELTA shows that the person is sleeping.

Our main aim is to use BETA & ALPHA because these two coordinates change when the person blinks their eyes. So actually we are using the data from brainwaves to move the motors of wheelchairs.

Benefits of the Project

The benefit of this project is not only for the patients but also it reduces the work of the attendee of the patients because this project makes the patients or the disabled person independent and improve the quality of the life of patients. 

• Portable: This is a portable wheelchair and the sensor and the circuit can easily fit on different types of wheelchair.
• Cheap: We are using a manual wheelchair and the total cost of the project is less than the electronic wheelchair that is available in the markets.
• Sustainability: This project is sustainable because we can use this EEG sensor for various purpose like we can use the eye blinking record to know about the doziness level, we can use it to find the attention level, we can use this for physically disabled people and many more projects can be made like. EEG can be used as a precise version of face detection. We can also modify it by replacing a few of its components

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

We are using the NEUROSKY Brainwave Headset as an EEG sensor. The sensor consists of an Ear chip and the second chip covers the forehead. The frequency of EEG lies from 0.5 to 30 Hz. Actually, Electro Encephalo Gram EEG is weak currents signals generated by potential differences between the cortical cells of the brain, it shows the changes in the electromagnetic wave in our brain because of different activities and thoughts. The frequency of the current is the EEG frequency that can be split into four coordinates that are ALPHA, BETA, THETA & DELTA.

These coordinates also change when the person is about to suffer from any stroke or there is any brain tumor. So the data collected from the project can open the doors for many biomedical types of research and projects.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Health

Other Industries

Medical

Core Technology

NeuroTech

Other Technologies

Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Sustainable Development Goals

Good Health and Well-Being for People

Required Resources

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