IoT Based Smart Parking System

We are known from the fact that cities have been congested with overpopulation and traffic jam. So, to overcome traffic density, an intelligent or smart parking system is introduced. It is based on the objective of optimal use of car-park resources to save time and cost as well. Presently, in our co

Project Title

IoT Based Smart Parking System

Project Area of Specialization

Internet of Things

Project Summary

We are known from the fact that cities have been congested with overpopulation and traffic jam. So, to overcome traffic density, an intelligent or smart parking system is introduced. It is based on the objective of optimal use of car-park resources to save time and cost as well. Presently, in our country, we follow an old tradition that goes to the parking location and sees if the place is vacant to park a vehicle that is time-consuming and effort taking and have high chances of the absence of any vacant slot. So, to avoid such consequences we have the option of a predefined car parking place but its disadvantage is that it could be far away from our destination. To find nearby car parking places different technologies have been implemented according to research as vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure that uses radio frequency identification [RFID] and Zigbee.

On behalf of recent research in different metropolitan cities, the parking management problem is still unsolvable. One of the reasons is the high density of vehicles on roads and noise pollution. It also causes traffic jams because of the unavailability of the proper slots for parking. In this way, our whole traffic system remains in congestion for many hours.

By keeping in view, our job is to make the parking management system more reliable for the public by taking necessary steps. To cope with the issues, we are going to implement a system that is based on IoT. IoT will help us to make our system more efficient by interconnecting sensors, smart devices via the internet to communicate with people and other IoT-enabled things. IoT has the ability to make our DUMB devices SMARTER in terms of sharing data over the internet. To cope with the constraint of not having a proper place for parking in large cities, so our system will provide them Predefined Reservation System that helps them to register themselves before coming to the parking area. If there is no slot available or being reserved for parking, it will also display the “Reserved” option there. Reservation time has a certain limit if one registers himself/herself for parking and would not come there in a certain time constraint then his/her registration request will be canceled after the certain time limit. We are also going to introduce the Parking Confirmation Mail system for clients. It serves two benefits i-e, service reliability, and client confirmation. Once the client reserves himself/herself for parking, an auto-mail will send to that client on his/her provided email address. Last but not the least is Smart Parking Report. To avoid any future inconvenience, storing the history of every client is very important. A report is being generated at the service provider’s end. 

Project Objectives

Aim

Our aim is to analyze the previously implemented system and contribute by giving feasible solutions for Physical Objects over the internet that are way more favorable to some extent to previous research.

Objectives

• To devise the system that is based on IoT by sharing a common base for data communication. 
• It serves as the network of things that are embedded with smart devices, sensors, software, and other technologies to share the data with other devices over the internet.
• To synthesize different feasible options for clients via Application Development, that would save time and stress.
• The developed application would be smart enough:
• to check parking space in real-time.
• to reserve or get free parking space within a particular time constraint.
• to record the data of users by registering them through the application login process and providing them ID and Password for the purpose of enhancing the credibility of the system.
• to store the data of every user and generate a Report at the service provider’s end to avoid any future inconvenience.

Project Implementation Method

Actually, our project is categorized into two parts:

1. App Development
2. Hardware

App Development

            There are different platforms available for designing an application e.g. Android Studio, MIT App Inverter, and much other software. Android Studio and MIT App Inverter are IDEs (Integrated Development Environments) that are commonly used for designing an android application by using Java and Kotlin as programming languages. But in comparison to these both apps, MIT App Inverter is a more feasible option for basic or beginner programmers, in contrast, Android Studio is an advanced version for advanced programmers for the purpose of application development.

To find out a parking slot in advance, we would need an app installed in our android smartphones that would be interfaced with the hardware of the parking system via a Wi-fi module. At first, we would register ourselves on the app to get access. In addition, the microcontroller would monitor the overall process. With the help of a microcontroller, we would be looking for an empty slot just using our phone. Fortunately, if there is a slot available for parking then we would reserve it and at the same time, we would get a confirmation mail, in short, that would consist of our whole details about reservation entries.

Hardware

                  Hardware is also a necessary part of implementing the project in the real-time scenario. So, there are also different tools available for designing the system that is IoT. IoT requires certain smart devices, sensors, and gadgets to connect and share the data with other devices over the internet. Hardware is based on sensors (IR – Infrared sensors, Ultrasonic sensors), wi-fi module, Arduino, MCU – Microcontroller unit, and some other components for developing a small-scale model.                        

      Hardware would base on the microcontroller that would monitor the overall process. Infrared sensors would be installed on each parking slot that would send information to the controller whether the slot is free or not and two red and green signal LEDs will be installed that would inform us about empty space with green and reserved with red color. Moreover, an Ultrasonic sensor will be used at the entrance gate to open and close it automatically whenever the vehicle arrives.

Benefits of the Project

By keeping in view, our job is to make the parking management system more reliable for the public by taking necessary steps. To cope with the issues, we are going to implement a system that is based on IoT. IoT will help us to make our system more efficient by interconnecting sensors, smart devices via the internet to communicate with people and other IoT-enabled things. IoT has the ability to make our DUMB devices SMARTER in terms of sharing data over the internet. To cope with the constraint of not having a proper place for parking in large cities, so our system will provide them Predefined Reservation System that helps them to register themselves before coming to the parking area. If there is no slot available or being reserved for parking, it will also display the “Reserved” option there. Reservation time has a certain limit if one registers himself/herself for parking and would not come there in a certain time constraint then his/her registration request will be canceled after the certain time limit. We are also going to introduce the Parking Confirmation Mail system for clients. It serves two benefits i-e, service reliability, and client confirmation. Once the client reserves himself/herself for parking, an auto-mail will send to that client on his/her provided email address. Last but not the least is Smart Parking Report. To avoid any future inconvenience, storing the history of every client is very important. A report is being generated at the service provider’s end. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

A lot of labor has been done over smart parking. Different methodologies have been implemented to style such a system. But their performance is poor and that we cannot ensure its efficiency. Mostly image processing system has been used rather than of sensors. Thus, it captures the number plate image of the vehicle then it is saved into the database and its main purpose is to avoid theft and unregistered car entry. At first, the driver registers himself on the application via a smartphone then the identical data can be used for the long term. After registration, the driver would select the parking slot, this data would be sent to the server that will confirm its registration, and then it would send the data back to the user.

Owing to the poor performance and efficiency in previous methods, research has been shifted towards the IoT system that is not less than a miracle and has brought a revolution. Actually, IoT is the communication and interaction of things to each other. The devices can be controlled remotely using the internet via IoT.

The smart parking system is based on two major components i-e, IoT and Cloud that function as an intermediate between things and the app in our smartphones. It also provides storage to save our data. The main advantage is its efficiency as compared to the other methods. 

The system is used for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data between devices over the internet. In the parking area, different sensors would be used that would send information to the controller about an empty or reserved slot and other function is to open the main entrance gate automatically. All functions are monitored and controlled by the microcontroller.

 A Wi-fi module is used in the controller to establish a connection with a user’s phone via the parking app installed in it. Firstly, a user would register himself on the smart parking app and his/her data would be stored in the cloud server. Then, he would LOG IN to the app to reserve a parking slot if empty. 

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

IT

Other Industries

Transportation

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Big Data

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

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