Iot Based Remote Monitoring of Base Transceiver Station and Control
In this project we monitor each subsystem inside BTS. We remotely monitor the working of each substation of BTS. The problem discussed above have the solution of remote monitoring of each device present in the BTS because these devices are working together provides best services thus their continuou
2025-06-28 16:33:38 - Adil Khan
Iot Based Remote Monitoring of Base Transceiver Station and Control
Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject SummaryIn this project we monitor each subsystem inside BTS. We remotely monitor the working of each substation of BTS. The problem discussed above have the solution of remote monitoring of each device present in the BTS because these devices are working together provides best services thus their continuous monitoring is important. Cell site base transceiver station (BTS) which are operated by many subsystems which includes generator, backup batteries, relay and fuse box, BTS room which have many electronic equipment such as coupling systems, TRx (Process Radio Signals), CBCF (Compact base common function) these system present in room needs specific temperature and humidity for their efficient working
The solution which we provides includes the remote monitoring of the following subsystems
- Room Monitoring which includes the monitoring of temperature, humidity, smoke.
- Generator system includes the monitoring of fuel level, fuel temperature, oil level, oil temperature, coolant temperature, coolant level, vibration, working temperature.
- Backup Batteries need monitoring of the voltage and current.
- Fuse box also need monitoring of the voltage and current.
The sensors data transfer to the cloud data base and analyze the data ,when the sensor data goes beyond the threshold value it generates a alert message about the fault i.e. when smoke detects fault message generated and then the relay turn on the exhaust system present in BTS room to remove the smoke.
We monitor temperature, diesel fuel levels, site door open/close status. The Power management of which enables the wireless operators to monitor cell sites remotely for degradation before it affects network integrity. We also done the simulations of the monitoring of subsystems. We monitor the multiple individual subsystems at each base station site and across network. This alert the users immediately when temperature rises to prevent or reduce damage to cell sites. We use the GSM module that if the fault occurs it will send the message to the master mobile if which is already set in the system.
Project ObjectivesFeatures of our project:
- BTS monitoring and control.
- Intelligent decision making and analysis.
- Vibration control for the generator.
Cell site base transceiver station (BTS) which are operated by many subsystems which includes generator, backup batteries, relay and fuse box, BTS room which have many electronic equipment such as coupling systems, TRx (Process Radio Signals), CBCF(Compact base common function) these system present in room needs specific temperature and humidity for their efficient working
BTS monitoring and control system consists of the following parameters.
- Shelter Monitoring which includes the monitoring of temperature, humidity, smoke.
- Generator system includes the monitoring of fuel level, fuel temperature, oil level, oil temperature, coolant temperature, coolant level, vibration, working temperature.
- Backup batteries need monitoring of the voltage and current.
- Backup batteries secondary cooling system control which turns on and provide safety to the batteries in case of failure of main cooling system.
- Fuse box also need monitoring of the voltage and current.
- WAPDA supply and usage of the supply to check electricity theft.
- Data Analysis, Prediction and Classification using Supervised Learning Algorithms
- Complete Website and Data base.
- Vibration control system using Active Vibration Control.
In this project different sensors are used to monitor different parameters and the main controller of our project is ESP32 and for subsystems we are using Nodemcu(ESP8266). Each subsystem have their sensor which are connected with their specific Nodemcu (ESP8266) then data of all the subsystems transfer to the main controller which is ESP32 which further sends and receives the data from the cloud , we also create a website and database which saves the coming data and continuously display the coming data on dashboard. Our system monitors various parameters such as Temperature, Vibration of generator, Smoke, Humidity etc.
Our system monitors temperature, humidity, smoke, for the batteries system is monitoring current and voltages continuously and in our project we are also making secondary cooling system means that backup cooling system if the main cooling fan are not working then for temporary purpose secondary cooling fan system operates which provides a path for heat to exit from batteries until the technician come and maintain the main cooling system. If the secondary system is not present then fault in main fan system affect the batteries.
Battery monitoring system is important because its measure di?erent parameters, store history and present this information in relevant terms to the user. Analysis of this data allows remedial action to individual cell to extend their battery life and to pre-plan one’s load usage and schedule the purchasing of batteries and not by emergency replacement. Weak batteries can be identi?ed prior to failure ,hence loads can be planned or other means of power source can be turned on thereby preventing unwanted interruption.
Their main objective is to accurate voltage and current measurements. By using advance calculations we will provide reliable information on relevant battery parameters. Depending on these parameters the system is able to calculate discharge time ,residual capacity, health of each battery, and predict time of turn off
To check electricity theft we are monitoring incoming current and voltage of every phase and also monitoring the load current and voltage then by doing comparison we check either there is electricity theft or not, Working on the current and voltage monitoring.
After that the data is analyzed and exhibit on the website in form of graphs, when the sensor data value increased from a threshold value it also generates an alert message about the fault i.e. when smoke detects fault message generated and then the relay turn on the exhaust system present in BTS shelter to remove the smoke.
Analysis on the data saved in cloud has been done in this part. Machine learning algorithms are used in this part. There are three types of machine learning algorithms but we are using only Supervised machine learning. We use the data of various parameters which is saved in the database, then we use the dataset and apply algorithm to do classification and prediction on this dataset
Benefits of the ProjectCell site base transceiver station (BTS) which are operated by many subsystems which includes Rectifiers, backup rectifier for indoor sites, BBU (This system have many cards), RTN (Collect data from single site), generator, backup batteries, relay and fuse box, BTS room which have many electronic equipment such as coupling systems, TRx (Process Radio Signals), CBCF(Compact base common function) these systems are present in the shelter of BTS and needs specific temperature and humidity for their efficient working.
Generator is an important part of BTS, for the efficient working of the generator we will monitor important parameters of the generator which are as follows:
- Temperature of generator
- Vibration of generator
- Fuel level
- Fuel temperature
- Oil temperature
These parameters mentioned above are very important for flawless working of the generator. Further the battery monitoring system is important because its measure di?erent parameters, store history and present this information in relevant terms to the user. For the batteries our system is monitoring current and voltages continuously and we are also making secondary cooling system means that backup cooling system if the main cooling fan are not working properly then for temporary purpose secondary cooling fan system operates which provides a path for heat to exit from batteries until the technician maintain the main cooling system. If the secondary system is not present then fault in main fan system affect the batteries. Using advance calculations we will provide reliable information on relevant battery parameters. Depending on these parameters the system is able to calculate discharge time, residual capacity, health of each battery, and predict time of turn off. As the project presented in [6] only monitors the voltage and current but our system consist of backup cooling system of the batteries.
Moreover electricity theft is the major issue faced by telecom companies their BTS stations electricity is being used by other due to which they will pay a lot in form off lose. Our system also provide solution to check the electricity theft. This system is not made by any BTS monitoring system project which are discussed in literature review.
Our system also provide Vibration Damper Surface for generator to reduce its vibrations, by using active vibration control.
Technical Details of Final Deliverable- Created Module for each subsystem of Base Transceiver Station.
- Analysis is performed on the data of different parameters which sense by the sensors using Liner Regression and Logistic Regressuion.
- Data base is created in which each sensing data is stored.
- Module which includes current transformers to detect the theft electricity.
- Vibration control prototype made to control the vibration of generator.
- Complete Website which exhibits data and Graphs also perdiction and classification analysis.
- Safety cooling system for the batteries is made which act as a backup cooling system for batteries by using PLC.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 36620 | |||
| ESP-32 | Equipment | 1 | 1200 | 1200 |
| Nodemcu ESP8266 | Equipment | 5 | 600 | 3000 |
| GSM MODULE | Equipment | 1 | 4000 | 4000 |
| MQX-Gas Sensor | Equipment | 2 | 600 | 1200 |
| DS182B Sensor | Equipment | 4 | 500 | 2000 |
| DHT22(For shelter) | Equipment | 2 | 700 | 1400 |
| PIR sensor | Equipment | 2 | 300 | 600 |
| SW-420 | Equipment | 2 | 300 | 600 |
| SCT( clamp on CT) | Equipment | 6 | 1600 | 9600 |
| DC Motor (3000 rpm) | Equipment | 1 | 7600 | 7600 |
| Vibration Sensors | Equipment | 10 | 350 | 3500 |
| Vibration damper Shocks | Equipment | 8 | 240 | 1920 |