Implementation of HVAC System and Monitoring through SCADA

In recent decades, building occupants? demands for thermal comfort have been increasing, and hence, the number of Heating Vantilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems has increased correspondingly. Due to the fact that these devices account for almost 50 percent

Project Title

Implementation of HVAC System and Monitoring through SCADA

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

In recent decades, building occupants’ demands for thermal comfort have been increasing, and hence, the number of Heating Vantilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems has increased correspondingly. Due to the fact that these devices account for almost 50 percent of the total energy usage in buildings.

Improvement of the applied control techniques could be a more efficient way of preventing energy losses while meeting building thermal comfort expectations. The most crucial goal of control designers is to achieve this. Seeing this motivates us to automate HVAC using a PLC, which is a quick, reliable, and energy-efficient way to do it.

Our fundamental aim is to maintain the thermal comfort of occupants by reducing the amount of human effort required to fulfill that primary aim. We are automating the HVAC system using PLC to monitor and control the HVAC process manually.

Project Objectives

HVAC has become an important need in industrial and domestic places. The problem faced by others is having to manually control heaters and coolers to maintain the temperature of buildings. They have to take readings of temperature sensors from different portions of buildings and then decide which one has to be turned on for how much duration. Again, by taking readings from the temperature sensor, they will decide now which has to be turned on out of the heater and the cooler.

With the evolution of engineering knowledge, they managed to get the reading of temperature sensors in the control room and to manually control the switching of heater and cooler. All the time, one person should be present there to manually control the switching.

Objective of the project:

                                               Most of the building's energy is consumed by the HVAC systems, which costs very high. The main objective of the project is to reduce the consumption of  the building's energy while providing an automatic and better controlled HVAC system.

Project Implementation Method

Proposed Solution:

                           The solution proposed by us we control them through automation. Automation is the creation and application of technologies to produce and deliver goods and services with minimal human intervention.

We are using PLC with a predefined set of rules that control the required parameters to control the temperature inside the building to maintain the thermal comfort of occupants.

Working of our model:

The fresh air goes through the duct, and with the help of fans, the air moves to both sides of the duct. The air contacts with the Peltier module pass through the sinks, as the air contacts with the sides of the Peltier module from the sink get cool and hot. Also, we have used an Air Handling Unit (AHU) to regulate and circulate air inside the room. We have an exhaust inside the room to release the air outside the room if the temperature exceeds the specified level or close the exhaust if we need to raise the temperature to a certain level.

Benefits of the Project

Benefits of the Project:

Prototype of a practical HVAC system is used for automating with the S7-1200 PLC. Our solution is going to be better and different from others in that it is more efficient in reducing human labour to a minimum and safety levels to a maximum.

There is no need to manually control it. It will automatically control the heater’s operation, cooler, and the motion of the damper according to the needs of the climate and season. It will take temperature levels from temperature sensors and it decides whether there is any need to switch off any component.

Lower Energy Costs:
In Automation, HVAC systems and electrical systems (Chillers, Servo Motors, Sensors) run more efficiently, reducing energy costs. An automated HVAC system is more expensive than a manual HVAC model. It can reduce your energy bill by up to 20 percent, paying for itself over time.It also ensures you’re always comfortable, learning and automatically adjusting to your preferences, rather than forcing you to manually control parameters.

Improved Comforts:

Automatically adjust building temperature maintaining an ideal level of thermal comfort for occupants.

Reduce Maintenance cost:

Electrical systems (Chiller, Servo Motor, Sensors)run more efficiently. So building experience less wear and tear, and therefore last longer and require less repair.

Increased Security:

When an automated system shows abnormal behavior, alarms are generated automatically. Moreover, the system shuts itself down automatically to save the lives of occupants inside the building.

Remotely control:

A building automation system allows you to monitor and control the system from anywhere in the world. Building automation systems allow us to react immediately to problems, either via computer controls or by dispatching a technician.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Our project is to make an HVAC system using Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC). We are making it for two small rooms using acrylic sheets in our final project. We are testing it to control the temperature using the Peltier module Model number: TEC1-12706. Before building the final hardware model, we find it better to make a prototype of it to check how perfectly the components are working, what kind of design would be perfect for the model, and what measurements should be taken to make it possible. Below is the picture of the constructed model.

The chart above shows the work flow diagram of our proposed solution. It shows how our model will work.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

IT

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com