impact of climate change on agriculture of charsadda mardan and nowshera kabul river10211

Project TitleProject Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Climate change is becoming the hottest topic to the entire globe. When it comes to defining climate, in general it can be define as expected weather. When changes in the expected weather occur, we call these climate changes. Climate may change in different ways, over different time scales and at different geographical scales. Since climate is changing, scientists have become interested in global warming, due to mankind's impact on the climate system, through the enhancement of the natural greenhouse effect.

Since climate change is likely to have impact on the hydrological cycle and consequently on the available water resources and agricultural water demand, there are concerns about the impacts of climate change on agricultural. Furthermore, industrialization and the extended use of fossil fuels have led to a great increase in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. With respect to the relations between the hydrological cycle and the Climate system every change on the climate could affect parameters such as precipitation, temperature, runoff, stream flow, groundwater level, and this leads to not only change in the crop water requirement in agriculture but also industrial and domestic water consumption and demand will also change. Considering this, a study was carried out to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture special crop water requirement for the crops grown in the Mardan, Nowshera and Charsadda district. For this study, daily meteorological data like maximum temperature, minimum temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and rainfall for the period from 1976 to 2100 including future predictions. Cropping pattern data and crop data was used for this study.  Reference crop evapotranspiration (Eto) was determined using mean monthly meteorological data with the help of CROPWAT 8.0 software, Arc-GIS and then crop water requirement (ETc) was determined.

We have mentioned the details that we have studied. However, we cannot share the results yet because our FYP is still in progress and the analysis of the results is yet to be done.

Project Objectives

Climate change has become a global issue and most of the countries of the world are facing worst of conditions due to global warming. Global warming has also influenced Pakistan as the air temperature is increasing throughout the country consequently more glaciers melting and augmenting evaporative demand.

Here in this project our main objective .

• Our main objective is to analyze the Impact of Climate Change on the Crop Water Requirement for Charsadda, Nowshera and Mardan.
• Since the agricultural work in these regions mainly depends on the Kabul River
• So we will also study the Impact of Climate Change on Kabul River and its effect on the agricultural part of the concerned regions.

Project Implementation Method

Following are the project implementation Method.

1. Hydro climate Model.
2. Micro – Irrigation and Resources conversation Technologies       (RCT,S) economizing on water is to be promoted in a big way .
3. Autonomous Adaptation to farmers and communities to cope with the future water shortage related risk management and production enhancement method this include

1. Adoption of Varieties with increased resistance to high temperature and drought.
2. Modification of irrigations techniques, including amount, timing or technology.
3. Adoption of efficient technologies to harvest water.
4. Conserve soil moisture (e.g. crop residue retention), and reduce siltation and salt water intrusion.
5. Improved water management to prevent water logging, erosion and leaching.
6. Modification of crop calendar i.e. timing or location of cropping activities.

In general , projection suggest that the greatest relative benefit from adaptation is to be gained under condition of low to moderate warming  ,and that adaptation practice that involve increased irrigation water use may in fact place additional stress on water and environmental resources as warming and evaporative demand increase .

Benefits of the Project

1. Then we will use it to compute how much water is required for agricultural purposes in the future.
2. Modification of Irrigation Techniques.
3. Improved Water Management.
4. Modification of Crop Calendar.
5. Also drought resistant cultivars should be introduced which may require less amount of irrigation water to complete the life cycle.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

• The observed minimum and maximum temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, sunshine hours and wind speed for Charsadda,Nowshehra  and Mardan were collected from Regional Meteorological center Peshawar  ( RMC ).
• We also collect the CROP CHARACTERISTICS DATA and SOIL CHARACTERISITICS DATA.
• We also take the satellite images concerned region with help of Drone .

• After we analyzed all the above data with the help of following Software .

1. CROPWAT-8  SOFTWARE
2. ArcGIS
3. R-SOFTWARE

Final Deliverable of the Project Software SystemCore Industry OthersOther Industries Agriculture Core Technology Big DataOther Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Climate ActionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	75300
Drone	Equipment	1	60000	60000
Soil Moisture Sensor	Equipment	20	450	9000
Travel Expense	Miscellaneous	3	2000	6000
Meal Expense	Miscellaneous	3	100	300