Hot water and post harvest treatment plant for fruits
?In Pakistan, the fruits are freshly harvested and have a great market in the world. ?Storing for long time or transportation time preservatives are used normally. ?Due to COVID-19, the Pakistan fruits and vegetables market suffered from a few challenges related to production,
2025-06-28 16:27:42 - Adil Khan
Hot water and post harvest treatment plant for fruits
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary•In Pakistan, the fruits are freshly harvested and have a great market in the world.
•Storing for long time or transportation time preservatives are used normally.
•Due to COVID-19, the Pakistan fruits and vegetables market suffered from a few challenges related to production, supply chain, and trade movement.
•According to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Pakistan exported 768,200.0 metric ton of fruit worth USD 415.0 million in 2018.
•Fresh fruits will be exported and our economy will be maintained.
•2.2m tons of vegetables and 2.8-3 million tons of fruits get wasted.
•This is too big loss – roughly.
• We are going to design a low cost system which could be able to give heated water bath to food items for the preservation for a long time.
Project Objectives•To preserve food for long time using heating process
•The system should be semi autonomous
• Machine that can be able of:-
• Food drying
• Hot water dipping Tank.
• Drying system
• Packing tray
• Installation at the Domestic Warehouses, Industrial firms in Pakistan at very low cost.
Project Implementation Method•Literature review
•Equipment Selection
•Circuit Schematic Designing
•Proteus Circuit Designing
•Image Processing Algorithm Implementation
•Conveyor Belt Manufacturing
•PCB Designing
•PCB Manufacturing
•PCB Testing
•Final Integration of Hardware and Software
Benefits of the Project•Every year Pakistan exports only around 5% of its production.
•40 % of agricultural product and fruits are getting damaged.
•To Install and preserve the fruits from low to high level at a very low cost.
•We have designed the fruit preservative system which include dc gear motor for conveyor belt drive. The pump is used for spraying mechanism and the electronic valves are used for transferring water from tank to basket for the hot water process. The fruits are dip at 48 degree at 60 minutes. The system simulation work fine on Proteus software and the image processing code work fine using MATLAB.
Technical Details of Final Deliverable.We have used relay module to drive DC gear motor .
.This relay module consist of 2 relays and two optocouplers used for relay module.
.One LED is used for indicator for each relay
•After bath the fruits need dryer to dry them after wet process.
•A dryer fan is used to dry the fruit.
•This dryer fan working voltage is 12V
•The max current is 0.7A
•The motor used is high speed BLDC motor
•1000 Watt water heating rod is used for water temperature achievement.
•A relay module is used to drive the water heating rod.
•DS18b20 is temperature sensor used for measuring temperature range from 0 to 150 C.
•One pull up resistor of 4.7k is used
•This sensor is interface with Digital pin 2 because it is based on one wire protocol
•This sensor working voltage is 3.3V to 5V.
•Input Voltage = 3-34 V
•Output Voltage = 1.5- 30V
•Output Current (Max)=3A
•Reverse polarity protection= Yes
•Led Indicator = Yes
•Variable voltage adjustment= Yes
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry AgricultureOther Industries Food Core Technology OthersOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 66797 | |||
| atmega328 microcontroller | Equipment | 5 | 600 | 3000 |
| adapter 12V,2A | Equipment | 2 | 200 | 400 |
| LCD 16*2 | Equipment | 2 | 330 | 660 |
| Soldering wire | Equipment | 3 | 320 | 960 |
| LM7805 | Equipment | 5 | 15 | 75 |
| DC Gear motor | Equipment | 5 | 700 | 3500 |
| L298 Module | Equipment | 2 | 350 | 700 |
| PCB sheet | Equipment | 3 | 1200 | 3600 |
| Screw Driver | Equipment | 1 | 150 | 150 |
| DMM unity | Equipment | 1 | 1350 | 1350 |
| PVC sheet | Equipment | 4 | 900 | 3600 |
| Bolt | Equipment | 11 | 180 | 1980 |
| Pipes | Equipment | 10 | 50 | 500 |
| Lasani sheet | Equipment | 3 | 900 | 2700 |
| Labour | Miscellaneous | 1 | 9550 | 9550 |
| Water Pump 12V | Equipment | 1 | 1350 | 1350 |
| Tyre Roler | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| On/off button | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| Acrylic sheet | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Adapter12V 2.5A | Equipment | 1 | 180 | 180 |
| 740 new | Equipment | 10 | 60 | 600 |
| T/B 2pin | Equipment | 12 | 9 | 108 |
| T/B 3pin | Equipment | 12 | 12 | 144 |
| Arduino uno | Equipment | 1 | 1450 | 1450 |
| Electronic valve | Equipment | 3 | 650 | 1950 |
| 2 channel relay module | Equipment | 8 | 250 | 2000 |
| water pump 5 meter | Equipment | 1 | 450 | 450 |
| Fan 12V | Equipment | 1 | 220 | 220 |
| Water heater 1000W | Equipment | 1 | 450 | 450 |
| DS18b20 temperature sensor | Equipment | 1 | 600 | 600 |
| male to male jumper wires | Equipment | 5 | 200 | 1000 |
| Serial to usb | Equipment | 2 | 300 | 600 |
| USB extension | Equipment | 1 | 1400 | 1400 |
| adapter 12V 3A | Equipment | 2 | 350 | 700 |
| terminal block | Equipment | 20 | 15 | 300 |
| soldering iron goot | Equipment | 1 | 1250 | 1250 |
| soldering tip | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| screw driver set | Equipment | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| fecl3 acid | Equipment | 4 | 1100 | 4400 |
| strip connector | Equipment | 3 | 200 | 600 |
| PCB sheet fr4 1.6mm thick substrate | Equipment | 2 | 750 | 1500 |
| soldering wire 750g county cone | Equipment | 1 | 850 | 850 |
| pcb sheet FR4,2mm thick FR4 substrate 35 micron copper double sided | Equipment | 3 | 1650 | 4950 |
| A4Tech webcam | Equipment | 2 | 2660 | 5320 |