Generation of electricity from waste materials
Unfortunately, none of the cities in Pakistan has a proper solid waste management system right from the collection waste up to its proper disposal. As a consequence of the constantly increased consumption the growing quantities of the waste generated have drawn public attention. Much of the uncollec
2025-06-28 16:27:28 - Adil Khan
Generation of electricity from waste materials
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryUnfortunately, none of the cities in Pakistan has a proper solid waste management system right from the collection waste up to its proper disposal. As a consequence of the constantly increased consumption the growing quantities of the waste generated have drawn public attention. Much of the uncollected waste poses serious risk to public health. Although the consumption per citizen in Pakistan is still lower than in many other countries especially of the Western Europe. All these issues motivated me to investigate deeper into the subject of the evaluation of the waste management system in Pakistan. In order to point out the crucial issues regarding the future development of waste management in Pakistan.
There is a need to reduce the current levels of waste generation and increase in material and energy recovery, which are considered as the essential steps towards an environmental-friendly waste management system. Landfill is also no longer the first choice for the disposal among the other methods such as recycling in solid waste management practices. Initially, incinerators globally were used to reduce waste mass but energy is being recovered from the incinerators now-a-days. Electricity and heat is produced from the recovered bio-gas from landfill.
Globally, wastes are used to produce electricity or used for recycling.
Globally, wastes are used to produce electricity or used for recycling. The problems arising from the solid waste can be solved by using innovative technologies. Now-a-days different types of waste-to-energy (W-T-E) schemes are available through which energy can be efficiently recovered and used. Each type of technologies handles the specific composition and quantity of solid waste. It seems to be difficult to propose suitable waste management plans and technologies without determining the quantity and composition of generated waste.
It is estimated that approximately 55,000 tons waste is generated per day (Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, 2005), based on the assumption that 0, 6 to 0, 8 kg waste is produced per capita per day. The amount of waste production is directly linked with the increase in gross domestic production. Steady increase in population growth rate and change of the life style. Energy can be produced and utilized from the generated solid waste, due to lack of management, the generated waste which has potential to generate energy is dispersed all around the environment.
The main objectives of this project are:
? To analyse the solid wastes treatment in Pakistan and direct it towards fulfilling the main goals of waste management.
? To find out the most cost effective and least polluting technology among the available options for the recovery of energy from generated waste.
? How Pakistani Government can make solid wastes as an alternate resource.
? What is the extent of the waste problem and its conversion into energy in Pakistan
This will help to develop a solid waste management system in Pakistan that will be environmentally effective, economically affordable and socially acceptable. In addition this will ensure a better quality of life of present and future generation.
It is a hardware based project.
How to Project Work:
When we burn waste materials , then heating panels convert heat to electricity and Red LED bulb glowing by electricity for showing electricity power ,After that circuit take electricity and give to battery for Battery Charging , And waste materials burning running in burning box , and there is heating sensor and when heating sensor is heated by heating ,Then Heating sensor turn On the LED bulb, ( Because Heating sensor work as an on/off switch ). After that we can See Full successfully Generating Electricity by Waste Materials.
Its operational flowchart is as under:
Advantages of Energy from Waste:
•Renewable Source of Energy
•Decrease Quantity of waste
•Efficient Waste management
•Prevents the production of Methane gases
•Production of Heat and Power
•Financially more effective
•Saves Natural Resources
•Better Healing of Products
•Much less influence on climate
Technical Details of Final DeliverableInstrumentation:
? 5 volt heating panel
? 4 volt rechargeable battery
? Heating sensor/Tube light Starter
? 5.9 volt DC motor
? LED Bulbs
? LED bulb Holders
? Jack Trolley/ DVD gate
? Fire box
? Water pump
? Small dc water pump
? 6-pin switch
? On/off switch
? General circuit board
? Electrolytic Capacitors
? Resistors
? 16-inch fan blade
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 24420 | |||
| 5 volt heating panel | Equipment | 4 | 1500 | 6000 |
| Rechargeable Battery | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Heating sensor/Tube light Starter | Equipment | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| 5.9 volt DC motor | Equipment | 1 | 600 | 600 |
| LED Bulbs | Equipment | 4 | 180 | 720 |
| LED bulb Holders | Equipment | 4 | 100 | 400 |
| Jack Trolley/ DVD gate | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Fire box | Equipment | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| Water pump | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| 6-pin switch | Equipment | 2 | 100 | 200 |
| On/off switch | Equipment | 3 | 100 | 300 |
| Electrolytic Capacitors | Equipment | 6 | 50 | 300 |
| 16-inch fan blade | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| Voro Board and Small electronics components | Equipment | 3 | 500 | 1500 |
| Soldering rod+wire | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Final Representation of Project | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Thesis printing and Binding | Miscellaneous | 4 | 2000 | 8000 |