Futuristic bionic leg for amputees

Artificial limbs, or prostheses, are used to replace a missing body part which may have been lost due to trauma, disease or congenital defect. The type of prosthesis a person can use is dependent on the individual, including the cause of amputation or limb loss, and the location of the missing extre

Project Title

Futuristic bionic leg for amputees

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Artificial limbs, or prostheses, are used to replace a missing body part which may have been lost due to trauma, disease or congenital defect. The type of prosthesis a person can use is dependent on the individual, including the cause of amputation or limb loss, and the location of the missing extremity. Basic artificial limbs have been used since 600 BC. Wooden legs, metal arms, hooks for hands—while these primitive replacements gave the wearer back some semblance of movement or function, they were often uncomfortable, difficult to use, had poor functionality and were cosmetically unattractive. Recent progress in both materials science and technology has resulted in significant advancements in prosthetic limbs. While it’s tempting to imagine these limbs as giving the wearer some kind of superhuman edge, in reality, researchers at present are simply trying to recreate the functionality and range of motion experienced by a healthy human limb.

Project Objectives

The main purpose of this project is to provide a patient a positive mind set in addition with rehabilitation process and in coordination of right and fully functioning prosthetic device which tremendously improve the quality of life for a disabled person. If a part of human body is replaced by some sort of artificial devices created for a specific function is called prosthetic. The classic example of prosthesis is a false leg or arm to replace one that has been amputated. It can override the physical deformity or physiological malfunction or it supports a weak or deformed part of the body. Its user will be able to perform daily activities such as walking, mounting stairs or dressing. Some human made device requires a lot of precision in order to fit in natural skeleton system. We will create and design new body part that will be durable, long term can improve strength and lifelikeness so amputees can lead full lives so this project will give patients the sensation of moving their damaged leg (which includes knee and ankle joints). It will give them better and free sitting comfort, stable and safer standing, no skin problems, easy and smooth installation and removal.

Project Implementation Method

To initialize this project firstly we studied the material required to understand the mechanics of prosthetic leg. We researched about the sensors such as myo sensors which usually uses electromyography to detect the activity of your muscles so if its connected to the body of a healthy person who lost a leg it can sense the signal from it which is coming from brain, it converts that into a varying voltage that can be read on the analog input pin of any microcontroller with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), so if we use this signal to give input to our made prosthetic leg it can function like a normal leg. As this process uses neuroglia so movement will be exactly the same as the person desired. We will set this up at different angles of knee and ankle so it will be able to move at every possible angle without restraining of normal muscles. The foot provides shock absorption and stability during stance. Additionally, it influences gait biomechanics by its shape and stiffness. Due to trajectory of the center of pressure and the angle of the ground reaction forces the shape and stiffness of the foot and will match the subject's build in order to produce a normal gait pattern.

For above knee amputation there also is a need for a complex connector providing articulation, allowing flexion during swing-phase but not during stance. As its purpose is to replace the knee. The function of the good prosthetic knee joint is to mimic the function of the normal knee, such as providing structural support and stability during stance phase but able to flex in a controllable manner during swing phase. Hence it allows users to have a smooth and energy efficient gait and minimize the impact of amputation. The prosthetic knee will be connected to the prosthetic foot by the shank we can make it by aluminum. The most important aspect of a prosthetic knee joint IS its stance-phase control mechanism. The function of stance-phase control is to prevent the leg from buckling when the limb is loaded during weight acceptance. This ensures the stability of the knee in order to support the single limb support task of stance phase and provides a smooth transition to the swing phase. Stance phase control can be achieved in several ways including the mechanical locks relative alignment of prosthetic components, weight activated friction control and polycentric mechanisms.

Benefits of the Project

Our project is based on 2 joints and 3 segments.  It is cost effective as compared to the others bionic limb. People will be able to perform daily life tasks. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

3D Design for the outer part. Shin, knee , ankle and foot is made of carbon fiber and pylon of steel rod . The signal is taken from thigh through myosensors. The graph is to be shown on Arduino IDE software.  

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Education

Other Industries

Medical

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

3D/4D Printing

Sustainable Development Goals

Quality Education

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com