Domestic Automation by using Brain Signal

Our brain is composed of neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels. The number of neurons is approximately 100 billion. These number of neurons are interconnected each other via trillions of synapses. Neurons communicate using electrical signals and chemical messengers called neurotransmitters that ei

Project Title

Domestic Automation by using Brain Signal

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Our brain is composed of neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels. The number of neurons is approximately 100 billion. These number of neurons are interconnected each other via trillions of synapses. Neurons communicate using electrical signals and chemical messengers called neurotransmitters that either stimulate or inhibit the activity of a responding neuron. These electrical signals are possible to record using a monitoring method, which is Electroencephalography (EEG). There are number of developments  in the neurosciences and computer technology, due to which it has become possible to make a communication between a human brain and a computer. This process is known as Brain Computer Interface. This idea of interfacing brain signal with a computer has long captured the human imagination and recent advances in neuroscience and engineering are making this idea a reality. By using BCI (Brain Computer Interface), we will develop a system, which can help to control different appliance and security for disable.

In this project, we will develop a brain signal controlled domestic automation system, which is based on Brain-computer, interfaces (BCI). Today people have become physically disable for stroke and traumatic brain injury cause longterm. BCIs are systems that can bypass conventional channels of communication to provide direct communication and control between the human brain and physical devices. Proposed system will work by translating different patterns of brain activity into commands in real time. The brain wave sensor Electroencephalogram (EEG) will sense brain signals and it will convert the data into packets and transmit through Bluetooth. Then the control command will transmit to the relay circuit to control the domestic appliances. With these entire steps, system can control any domestic appliances through brain signals, which connected to the relay circuit.

Project Objectives

A physical disability is a substantial and long-term condition affecting a part of a person’s body that impairs and limits their physical functioning and mobility.

The loss of physical capacity results in the person having a reduced ability, or inability, to perform body movements such as walking, moving their hands and arms, sitting and standing as well as controlling their muscles.

A physical disability does not necessarily stop you from performing specific tasks but makes them more challenging and dependent upon other persons.

The primary goal of this project is to control the physical devices like domestic equipment using brain signals. The objective of this project is to assist the paralyzed and physically disabled humans to control the home appliances, so they become independent in their daily life. Today, the consequence developments in the neurosciences and computer technology, it has become possible to create a communication between a human brain and a computer. This process is known as Brain Computer Interface. This idea of interfacing minds with a computer has long captured the human imagination and recent advances in neuroscience and engineering are making this idea a reality. By using BCI (Brain Computer Interface), we will develop a system, which can help to control different appliance and security for disable.

Project Implementation Method

The Neurosky Mind Wave is a device, which is used for monitoring electrical signals generated by neural activity in the brain. For measuring the EEG signal of brain, this device is worn on the head and consists of a headband, an earclip, and a sensor arm containing EEG electrode which rests on the forehead above the eye. Neurosky Mind Wave has a Bluetooth communication system. So, it can send its raw data to another Bluetooth controlled device. The measurement of the Mind Wave is raw signal, EEG power spectrum, meters for Attention and Meditation, Blink Detection & On-head detection. Here EEG power spectrum which provides information on a user’s brainwave like Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta and Gamma and meters for Attention and Meditation which determines how effectively the user is engaging Attention or Meditation. We get this value by decoding the electrical signal and applying algorithms to provide readings on a scale of 0 to 10.EEG transfers these details to HC-05 Bluetooth module.

HC-05 Bluetooth module is an easy to use Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol) module, designed for transparent wireless serial connection setup. Serial port Bluetooth module is fully qualified Bluetooth V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with complete 2.4GHz radio transceiver and baseband. It uses CSR Bluecore 04-External single chip Bluetooth system with CMOS technology and with AFH (Adaptive Frequency Hopping Feature). This module will transfer the EEG data to the Arduino.

The Arduino Uno R3 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328p, which can coordinate the work of each module and process the relevant data. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. The ATmega328 has 32 KB flash memory (with 0.5 KB used for the boot loader). It also has 2 KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM (which can be read and written with the EEPROM library). The Uno differs from all other preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega16U2 programmed as a USBto-serial converter. The ATmega328 also provides UART TTL serial communication, which is available on digital pins 0 (RXD) and pins 1 (TXD).

Arduino will transfer command to the relay circuit to control the domestic equipments.

A Relay is an electromagnetic switch. It is operated by a relatively small electric current that can turn on or off a much larger electric current. To control high volt circuit, we use relay circuit. This circuit helps to create communication between Arduino and high voltage equipment without damaging any device. Arduino UNO r3 gives signal that is approximately 5v. In this project, we use 5v-220v relay. This module wil control the overal domestic equipments and appliances.

With these equipment and modules, we will create a system known as Domestic Automation By Using Brain Signal.

Benefits of the Project

There are number of individuals who are physical disable by birth or after getting an incident. These indiviuals are much more dependent uopn others for their daily life activities.They face a number of challenges due to disability. We are designing this system for such prople to help them out of these challenges.

We divide benefits for two types of individuals. Firstly, there come individuals who are physically disable by birth. For such people the main challege during their young or teenage is that they are unable to perform their daily tasks.This system will help them a lot to make their life easier.

Secondly there come individuls who get disability after a certain incident. Some of these individuals are only supporting person of their families.After disability, they are unable to support their families . This system will help them to get job in industry where they work easily by small integration in machine.

It also help our government to give opportunity to physiacally disable individuals to get job in government and semi governent instituation where they work with small intergration in system.

We may also start manufacturing this system on commercial level for betterment of disables.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Techniqal details are given below step by step to make this system.

1. Our brain has some biological signal. The signals are generated by differences in electric potential carried by ions on the membrane of each neuron. These small signals intensity is quite and measured in microvolt’s (?V). Brain signals provides a pattern of waveforms on different activities. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is used to detect and observe these waveforms.
2. With the help of EEG these waveforms will be transmitted to the Ardiuno microcontroller through Bluetooth module. The Bluetooth module range will be 100 feet.
3. With coding, we convert these waveform patterns into a special command with relative physical activity.
4. When the special command is generated by Ardiuno,it will be transmitted to the Relay Module.
5. This relay module will control the domestic appliances and helps the disable become more independent of others.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Others

Other Industries

Core Technology

Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Other Technologies

NeuroTech

Sustainable Development Goals

No Poverty, Good Health and Well-Being for People, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Reduced Inequality

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com