Discrete Time Controller for Transient and Steady State Response Improvement of DC to DC Boost Converter

A DC-DC Boost converter step up t he DC output voltage but produce higher oscillation while settle done to the steady state. This response is very poor and sometimes dangerous for certain cases. In the medical field, the equipment used must not have settling time error because a life may be on stake

Project Title

Discrete Time Controller for Transient and Steady State Response Improvement of DC to DC Boost Converter

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

A DC-DC Boost converter step up t he DC output voltage but produce higher oscillation while settle done to the steady state. This response is very poor and sometimes dangerous for certain cases. In the medical field, the equipment used must not have settling time error because a life may be on stake. For the improvement of this response, a discrete time controller is designed which is more efficient and flexible than obsolete continuous time controllers and produce robust and dynamic output with no unnecessary peak overshooting and oscillations. The controller basically consumes any error produced by the feedback loop.

Project Objectives

DC-DC converters are extensively used in distributed power supply systems and modern power electronics devices due to their high efficiency, high power density, high power levels, low cost, and small size.  They are also used extensively in uninterruptible power supply, power factor improvement, harmonic elimination, fuel cells applications and in photovoltaic arrays. In addition, they can be step-up or step-down converters, and can have multiple output voltages. A wide variety of topologies is employed by switched-mode DC-DC converters technology. Boost converter, (also known as a step-up converter) is a type of switched-mode DC-DC converter which produces a constant output voltage that is greater than input voltage.
In this project, a discrete time state feedback controller will be designed to which have a good control solution for the systems with good dynamic response, accepted robustness, output regulation, and disturbances rejection. The designed controller smoothened the operation of boost converter.

Project Implementation Method

Project activity includes the proper designing of hardware and software & integration of mechanisms or components accordingly. Firstly, project will go through literature review to understand the proper hardware and software assembly requirements. Calculations will be done and parameters will be measured. This work plan will be followed in order to meet the timeline and also made our project in a more efficient way.

Benefits of the Project

Discrete time controller system can be used in most of the areas such as:
?    This system can be used for the smooth operation of medical equipment’s.
?    This system can be used in the smart grids for the integration of DC solar panel output to the KE supply.

Some merits are:
?    The effect of distortion, noise and interference is less.
?    They are more flexible.
 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

DC-DC converters are extensively used in distributed power supply systems and modern power electronics devices due to their high efficiency, high power density, high power levels, low cost, and small size. They are also used extensively in uninterruptible power supply, power factor improvement, harmonic elimination, fuel cells applications and in photovoltaic arrays. In addition, they can be step-up or step-down converters, and can have multiple output voltages. A wide variety of topologies is employed by switched-mode DC-DC converters technology. Boost converter, (also known as a step-up converter) is a type of switched-mode DC-DC converter which produces a constant output voltage that is greater than input voltage. Averaging techniques such as small signal model has been widely used to derive model of DC-DC converters. This circuit model is used to simulate the system and design the suitable controller. But, the small signal model changes related to the variations in the operating points. PID controller is a traditional linear control method used in many applications. Linear PID controllers for DC-DC
converters are usually designed by frequency domain methods applied to the small signal models of the converters. PID controller response could be poor against changed in the operating points. Frequency domain methods of design such as root locus techniques or frequency response techniques can’t design and specify all closed loop poles of the higher order system since those methods don’t have sufficient parameters to place all of the closed loop poles. State space methods such as state feedback controller solve this problem by introducing into the system other adjustable parameters. State feedback control and the approach of linear quadratic optimal regulator (LQR) have a good control solution for the systems with good dynamic response, accepted robustness, output regulation, and disturbances rejection.

Our project is organized as follows;

Small signal state space modeling of boost converter is carried out. Later an integral controller and a state feedback controller based on pole placement technique and LQR methods are briefly discussed and applied to the boost converter system. Finally, simulation and experimental results are obtained to verify the performance responses under different operating points and input variations.

The designed controllers provide excellent static and dynamic characteristics at all operating points. The Linear Quadratic Optimal Regulator (LQR) based controller shows very good output voltage regulation, excellent dynamic performances and higher efficiency irrespectiveof the operating point’s variations and the external disturbances. 

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Others

Other Industries

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Responsible Consumption and Production

Required Resources

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