Development and Application of green NPs on textile clothing.

Project Title

Development and Application of green NPs on textile clothing.

Project Area of Specialization Wearables and ImplantableProject Summary

Nanotechnology becomes one of the new and growing techniques .From past few decades it becomes a source of attraction for many researchers due to its vast are of applications .The particles size ranging for one to hundred Nano meters As compared to the bulk Nano particles have increased surface area   due to which they have better chemical and physical properties different Nano particles have different properties ,silver have antifungal and  antibacterial, zinc have antibacterial , self-cleaning properties silica have thermal and antibacterial properties etc.    .There are many methods for synthesis of Nano particles. But the increase in population and industries which release harmful and toxic chemicals have become the major cause of earth deterioration so there was need of synthesis method which is environment friendly nontoxic and economical so green method is one of the possible alternative to overcome such limitations .Green technology can be describe as one which can increase the sustainability and reduce the health and environment risks. In this approach the extracts of natural products replace the use of toxic reducing agent. Nanotechnology-based thermal insulation materials generally have a better thermal insulation quality than traditional materials.

 In nanotechnology-based thermal insulation materials, one or more ways of heat transport is hampered or blocked .The heat losses in traditional materials  is greater   because of their  higher u values while NPS particles have lower  u values due  to which they provide better  thermal insulation. Oxides Nano particles gain much importance due to their outstanding magnetic, thermal and optical In this regard the importance of SiO2 nanoparticles in several industrial applications as thermal and electrical insulator , a great effort has been directed towards the synthesis of SiO2 particles with controlled shape and size by different methods.

Usually synthesis of sodium silicate is done by tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) which is used as a precursor but due to its high cost another low cost precursor which is known as sodium silicate is also used for synthesis of silica Nano particles .The synthesis of sodium silicate is conventionally done in acidic medium which results in cluster formation the use of Sodium silicate as a precursor in alkaline medium to produce non cluster silica nanoparticles is less studied.

Different characterization techniques FTIR, SEM, XRD were used to study their morphology binding structure mechanical and physical properties.  FTIR results indicates that with the   decrease particles size there is also decrease  in bond angle between silica and oxygen. Peaks of XRD showing the structure is crystalline. This research have a very bright future, further efforts are made to develop new techniques by using different natural precursors for synthesis of green Nano particles.

Project Objectives

The major objective is to synthesize chemical and green NPs both and then compare the properties of both by applying them in clothing.

Green synthesis of Nanoparticles is environment friendly, easy to manufacture, having safe nature, and small production cost.

In comparison to the traditional synthesis method, green synthesis is a promising and long-term solution.

Project Implementation Method

For the synthesis of silica nanoparticles, commercial grade sodium silicate and HCl analytical grade were employed as starting chemicals. Silver nitrate was used for testing of Cl-ions removal. 28ml of 2.5% HCl is added into a beaker and placed on the hot plate magnetic stirrer with temperature 60?C. Drop- wise addition of sodium silicate into the solution with continuous stirring at 250rpm. 8ml of commercial grade sodium silicate was added to the solution at constant stirring until viscos gel was formed. Then addition of distilled water into the gel and mixed it evenly then water was drained and the settled particles was filtered. For the testing of chlorine ions removal, silver nitrate was added dropwise in the solution. The gel was dried in the oven at 100°C for 12 hours after filtration. The obtained product was calcined for half hour at 1000?C.

For the synthesis of green nanoparticles Sodium hydroxide, ethanol, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid were used. The sugarcane bagasse was soaked in distilled water for overnight. Then, it washed thoroughly again with distilled water to remove dirt and soil and dry in an oven at temperature of 90 °C. 1N HCl was added to the sample to remove metallic impurities present. The mixture was soaked in water bath with temperature of 75 °C. Sample was filtered, washed for several times to remove metallic ions in the sample and dried again in an oven with temperature of 90 °C. The sugarcane bagasse was immersed in 1M NaOH solution. In order to obtain sodium silicate solution, it was heated in a water bath for 1 hour with temperature 90 °C. Sodium silicate solution was stirred vigorously for 1 hour. During precipitation process, nitric acid was added drop by drop into sodium silicate solution until pH 8, followed by the addition of 20 mL ethanol. The solution was continuous stir for 45 minutes and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for the precipitate formation. Then, the process was continued by washing the prepared sample with distilled water for several times. The precipitate was collected and heated in a furnace with temperature 600 °C for 30 minutes to obtain silica nanoparticles.

Benefits of the Project

In the past few years, nanoparticles have been applied in various fields of science and technology, ranging from material science to biotechnology. Thus, the synthesis of nanoparticles can be considered as a dynamic area in research and application of nanoparticles. The different methods of nanoparticle synthesis include physical, chemical, and biological methods. The capping and reducing agents are play important role in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Hazardous and highly toxic chemicals are used in the chemical and physical method of nanoparticl,s synthesis which are responsible for defect in the environment. Also the reducing or capping agent used in chemical and physical methods are  very expensive

Biological synthesis involves the synthesis of nanoparticles by using plant extract and microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi Phytonanotechnology has shown a new field for the synthesis of nanoparticles which is eco-friendly, simple, cost effective. Scalability, bio-compatibility and synthesis of nanoparticles via universal solvent (water) as reducing agents for synthesis of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are synthesizes using different part of plant such as root, fruit, stem, seed and leaf. The exact mechanism for synthesis of nanoparticles using plant remain to be elucidated. It has been illustrated that organic acid, proteins vitamins and secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, polysaccharides and heterocyclic compound are responsible for synthesis of various types nanoparticles.

• Advantages of green or biological synthesize

There are following advantages of green synthesis

• Energy Efficient
• Low cost production
• Fewer accident
• Safe product
• Economical
• Lesser waste therefore it is also called as environmental friendly
• Competitive advantages
• protect human health and communities
• Use in pharmaceutical industry and other biomedical application.

An increased awareness to the health benefits of the green route of synthesizing NPs is desired along with renewed research to bring  light  to new and exciting discoveries in this direction.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Nanoparticles are tiny materials having size ranges from 1 to 100 nm. They possess different property depending on their size, morphology, shape and structure. NPs possess unique physical and chemical properties due to their high surface area and Nano scale size. Synthesis is broadly classified into classes chemical and other is green synthesis.The three major routes for the synthesis of nanoparticles are the physical, chemical, and the biosynthetic route which is attained through the bottom-up approach. The physical and chemical routes of synthesis are more expensive and not eco-friendly in comparison with the biosynthetic route which is much more safe, biocompatible, and environment-friendly The aim of this project is to developed nanoparticles from green methods. Silica nanoparticles were selected for desired properties of thermal insulation and antibacterial properties. Silica having excellent electrical and thermal insulation prope6 and highly thermal stability Up To 1800°c with low toxicity and biocompatible nature. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) have lately attracted a lot of attention due to their potential in a variety of new fields. Over the previous ten years, significant progress has been achieved in this area. Novel processing approaches for Silica NPs preparation are being investigated. Among the approaches available for producing SNPs, synthesis of silica nanoparticles is done by using sol-gel technique. For green synthesis sodium silicate was produced from sugarcane bagasse and further process for Silica nanoparticles preparation is followed. After synthesis nps is the subject of study. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is non-destructive analysis. Material structure, composition and molecular interaction is obtained from XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is used to identify organic, polymeric and in some cases inorganic materials presence in the sample that should be tested, while  scanning electron microscopy are currently being used to analyze the size and shape of  nanoparticles that have been created.There are three application techniques for applying NPs on fabric. Dyeing, Coating and printing. Developed silica nanoparticle (SiO2) would be applied on cotton fabric by using coating technique. After application. Different tests of antimicrobial and heat insulations will be performed on treated and untreated fabric then Comparison of results of synthesis techniques using green and chemical approach of different fabric samples on which tests performed.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Medical Core Technology Wearables and ImplantablesOther Technologies Wearables and ImplantablesSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for PeopleRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	76200
Centrifuge machine	Equipment	1	50000	50000
Magnetic stirrer with hot plate	Equipment	1	17000	17000
silver nitrate	Miscellaneous	1	400	400
Nitric acid	Miscellaneous	1	500	500
NaOH	Miscellaneous	1	300	300
zinc nitrate	Miscellaneous	1	8000	8000
NA	Miscellaneous	0	0	0
NA	Miscellaneous	0	0	0
NA	Miscellaneous	0	0	0
NA	Miscellaneous	0	0	0
NA	Miscellaneous	0	0	0