DESIRED VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY ON ADJUSDTMENT FROM MINI PLUG AND PLAY GRID

Project Title

DESIRED VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY ON ADJUSDTMENT FROM MINI PLUG AND PLAY GRID

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Due to the reduction of non-renewable resources like coal, oil, natural gas etc.  the world is rapidly moving towards renewable resources. But these renewable resources are also having some disadvantages or limitations. One of the main disadvantages is that they are not available all the time. Taking solar as an example it is only available during the daytime, it is having no use during nighttime. Solar energy is also dependent on weather conditions; it can only generate electrical energy during clear weather when it is getting direct sunlight. The same is the case for wind energy it can only produce energy in the presence of rated wind speed and other conditions. And the list of renewable energy sources goes on with their limitations. That is why when these sources are not available we need a proper system to work alternatively and provide us with electricity.

                     A lot of work is going on right now to find a solution to this problem. A part of it is focused to store electrical energy but it is not feasible due to different reasons. We here in this project are going to propose trying a new way to help our community transit towards renewable and clean energy. This project can help by an easy transition to complete renewable energy. In this plug and play grid system, we will just simply synchronize different energy sources and will supply them to consumers. We will be using renewable energy whenever it is available and sufficient. When renewable sources are not available it will automatically shift towards other energy sources. It will also change the source or use multiple sources in the case over loadload on one source. As an automated system, we just have to plug in sources and load the rest will be done by the grid itself.

                    Another problem nowadays is different appliances work on different voltages and frequencies. Although most of the appliances work on the same AC voltage and frequency in a particular boundary, still from a larger perspective there are always appliances not working on the same requirements. An idea which was put forward by Chine global energy interconnection” is an ambitious imagination towards the clean and interconnected global electric system. This project will help to go one step further towards this ambition of global electric interconnection. This will help us to provide any desired voltage and frequency to any area using the same sources through this plug and play grid. Also with the help of the idea of this project, we will be able to use appliances of any required voltage and frequency within the same plug and play grid.

Project Objectives

Hopefully, with the help of our supervisor and good research and project we are determined to get the following results:
1. To control renewable sources with the help of plug and play system.
2. It will help us transition into perfect clean renewable energy.
3. It will ease the difficulty of different required voltages and frequencies of different appliances across the globe.
4. To use more renewable energy for any appliance in this nonrenewable world.

Project Implementation Method

For simulation, we will use MATLAB for showing all the connections of the circuits by using its Simulink application. For Arduino connections and software run we will use PROTEUS software. Display connections will also be shown on PROTEUS. MATLAB will be used for graphs and outputs as well.
Plug and play is a new technology which helps to control the system while no interaction is required after everything is plugged in. There are a lot of methods of doing this we will be trying in this project to deeply study the different effects of different sources on our system. We will be using Arduino Uno for our main control which will also be connected to a display which shows us different basic values. It will be like a central control unit(CPU). It will be responsible for changing sources at giving particular time according to demand and requirement.
For changing voltage and current on demand there are different methods in a plug and play system. We tend to use the Pulse width modulation method for this purpose. With proper connections and circuits and with the help of filters we will be adjusting voltage and frequency on demand according to the desired value.

Benefits of the Project

In this world there is always a trend like energy or anything, if we want to change that trend and move towards the modern side there is always a transition phase. For example, nowadays we have electric cars but earlier these cars were based on the combustion engine with the passage of time and with the revolution, these cars were hybrid and now slowly and gradually with time through proper trends our cars are now electric. The benefit of our project is that it will give us a proper transition phase to convert ourselves toward renewable energy so in future if we work on it we can completely convert ourselves toward renewable energy

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

We will implement our circuit practically which will be in hard form. We will have 4 sources which 2 will be DC of which one DC will be a solar panel and the second source will be a battery and 2 AC sources one will be an autotransformer and the second will be a local grid power supply. After that we will connect meters at the output from which we will check our desired values, after all, connections will be based on plug and play system for which we will use LCD and have some buttons through which we will have to decide which sequence we need output after we give it our sequence so it will follow that sequence, after that, we need to know what voltage and current is required i.e if my input is DC so it will give me DC at the output which we will read it from meters at the output, at the end we need to have set  inverter at 5kw so it will tolerate it till 5kw

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology Clean TechOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic GrowthRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	74980
Integrated Circuit	Equipment	6	780	4680
Seven Segment Display	Equipment	3	4000	12000
Transformer	Equipment	2	5000	10000
Rectifier	Equipment	8	2000	16000
Capacitor	Equipment	12	450	5400
Relay	Equipment	6	1000	6000
Resistor	Equipment	12	500	6000
Diode	Equipment	12	300	3600
Transistor	Equipment	8	350	2800
MOSFETs	Equipment	4	800	3200
Wiires	Equipment	2	150	300
Matlab	Miscellaneous	1	5000	5000