design of optical transparent antenna for 5g communication

Project Title

design of optical transparent antenna for 5g communication

Project Area of Specialization Information & Communication TechnologyProject Summary

The antenna design is one of the most important factors to be considered in order to fully utilize the 5G technology. However, a few design issues can affect an antenna’s performance. Aside from that, in fabrication process, mechanical inaccuracies and errors can affect the antenna performance.  A number of transparent antenna designs have been proposed in literature such as dual-band and ultra-wideband characteristics, but very few cover millimeter wave applications. a semi-transparent flexible antenna working in the range of 7 to 13 GHz is  proposed for 5G applications using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and silver nanoparticles. This project proposes a transparent patch microstrip antenna working at 26 GHz frequency with compact size, simple shape, and good performance. This wideband antenna was designed on a glass substrate (12 × 11 × 2 mm3) and is optically transparent and compact. It consists of a radiation patch and a ground plane using AgHT-8 material. The antenna design comprises rectangular shaped branches optimized to attain the wideband characteristics. The calculated impedance bandwidth is 7.7% covering the frequency Range of 25 to 27 GHz. A prototype of the antenna and various parameters such as return loss plot, gain plot, radiation pattern plot, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are presented and discussed. The simulated results of this antenna show that it is well suited for future 5G applications Because of its transparency, flexibility, light weight, and wide achievable frequency bandwidth near the millimeter wave frequency band.

Project Objectives

Over recent decades, wireless mobile communication technology has developed significantly despite its relatively recent establishment. The fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system will be deployed on a large scale in the next decade, and it will bring us many advantages such as higher transmission rate, high bit rate with lower battery consumption, and shorter latency than the current 4G system. The main objective of this work was to design and analyze a transparent antenna operating in the wide frequency band of 26 GHz. The frequency range extends from 25 to 27 GHz, which covers the band for 5G applications. The size of the compact antenna is (12 × 11 × 2 mm3). Today, the modern telecommunication industries are already moving towards 5G enabled devices, and some are working on fully transparent and flexible devices. Such cases create the need for flexible and transparent antennas to be designed in the 5G and millimeter wave frequency band. Transparent antennas operating in the wireless frequency regions are useful in glass-mounted applications including automobiles, homes, and businesses where transmission and reception through or from a window is desired. Transparent antennas have been fabricated with Ag HT materials, indium tin oxide (ITO) and FL fluorine doped tin oxide on glass and polyimide. The use of a transparent conductor can pose challenges in fabrication and in application. Among them are losses in films with lower conductivities, film thicknesses less than skin depth, and other complications, specifically additional losses and lower radiation efficiency posed by the presence of a transparent ground plane on thin substrates in standard, planar antennas.

Project Implementation Method

The stepwise design evolution of the proposed antenna, which was designed and optimized using CST Microwave Studio software simulator.  The optically transparent antenna comprises transparent glass with a dielectric constant of 4.82 and 2 mm thickness as the substrate material. Transparent conductive oxide AgHT-8 with a surface resistivity of 8 ?/m, which is equivalent to the conductivity of 125,000 S/m, constitutes the patch radiator and ground. A feed line with a width of 3.58 mm is used to achieve 50 ? impedance matching.

Front and rear views of the proposed antenna are shown in following Figure.

Proposed Antenna Diagram

A partial ground plane is used to increase the performance of the antenna and ensure the impedance matching.

Benefits of the Project

The main advantages of the 5G are a greater speed in the transmissions, a lower latency and therefore greater capacity of remote execution, a greater number of connected devices and the possibility of implementing virtual networks (network slicing), providing more adjusted connectivity to concrete needs.

Greater speed in transmissions

Speed in transmissions can approach 15 or 20 Gbps. By being able to enjoy a higher speed we can access files, programs and remote applications in a totally direct and without waiting. By intensifying the use of the cloud, all devices (mobile phones, computers, etc.) will depend less on the internal memory and on the accumulation of data and it won’t be necessary to install a large number of processors on some objects because computing can be done on the Cloud.

Lower latency

Latency is the time that elapses since we give an order on our device until the action occurs. In 5G the latency will be ten times less than in 4G, being able to perform remote actions in real time. Thanks to this low latency and the increase of the sensors, it is possible to control the machinery of an industrial plant, control logistics or remote transport, surgical operations in which the doctor can intervene a patient who is at another side of the world with the help of precision instrumentation managed remotely or the complete control of remote transport systems, automated and without driver

Greater number of connected devices

With 5G the number of devices that can be connected to the network increases greatly, it will go to millionaire scale per square kilometer. All connected devices will have access to instant connections to the internet, which in real time will exchange information with each other. This will favor the IOT. It is anticipated that a common home will have a hundred connected devices sending and receiving information in real time. If we think of industrial plants we would speak of thousands of connected devices. This greater number of connected devices will allow the smart cities and the autonomous car.

Network slicing

The 5G also allows to implement virtual networks (network slicing), create subnets, in order to provide connectivity more adjusted to specific needs. The creation of subnetworks will give specific characteristics to a part of the network, being a programmable network and will allow to prioritize connections, as could be the emergencies in front of other users, applying for example different latencies or prioritizing them in the connection to the network so that they can’t be affected by possible overloads of the mobile network.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Simulations of the proposed antenna were performed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio. An antenna parameter of sign incant importance in the antenna is the reflection coefficient (S11), which defines the bandwidth and the impedance matching characteristic. After the simulation of antenna in software we tried its fabrication so that we can implement it practically and get desire achievements. The integration of transparent antennas on glass surfaces or OLED lighting sources will become a necessity in the next decade. The proposed antenna is potentially a good option for 5G wireless systems that require high gain topology and low profile.

Final Deliverable of the Project Software SystemCore Industry TelecommunicationOther Industries Manufacturing Core Technology OthersOther Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI)Sustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic GrowthRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	80000
Equipments for antenna design	Equipment	1	40000	40000
Fabrication cost	Equipment	1	30000	30000
others	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000