DESIGN OF DC ON GRID SYNCHRONIZATION WITH AUTOMATIC LOAD SHARING
Power Generation is one of the main concerns all over the world. From its conception, power generation has been done using non-renewable energy sources. As time is passing by, coal reserves, and other non-renewable energy sources are depleting rapidly. For industries, economically sound systems are
2025-06-28 16:31:56 - Adil Khan
DESIGN OF DC ON GRID SYNCHRONIZATION WITH AUTOMATIC LOAD SHARING
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryPower Generation is one of the main concerns all over the world. From its conception, power generation has been done using non-renewable energy sources. As time is passing by, coal reserves, and other non-renewable energy sources are depleting rapidly. For industries, economically sound systems are highly preferred: those that are highly efficient and cost beneficial. In this project, a couple of DC sources, using solar and wind energy, are connected to the load with KE Supply as backup. The load is divided between the two renewable energy sources, as the sources synchronize, based upon the capacity and the charge levels of the two DC sources. Using a controller, the decision is made automatically, on how the load is to be shared. The load is divided in such a way, that a bigger percentage of the load is supplied by the stronger source.
Project ObjectivesObjective 1: DC Sources Synchronization
Objective 2: Monitoring of load bear by each source
Objective 3: Share load on the priority basis
Objective 4: Auto and Manual Control for Load Sharing
Objective 5: Measure Current & Voltages
Objective 6: Print Voltages and Current Values on LCD 20x4
Project Implementation MethodTwo DC sources, preferably renewable energy sources like solar energy and wind energy are used as the primary sources to supply the load. The K-Electric supply is used as a secondary source, after it is converted to DC via a Power Supply Unit. With diodes connected, governing the flow of current from the energy sources, and not to, this helps ensure that the weaker of the two batteries do not end up being the load, and thus draining the more powerful battery. Diodes are also connected to the power supply unit to also ensure there is no reverse flow of current.
After prepping the sources, they are then fed to the control unit, which contains Potential and Current Transformers, along with relays, that automatically share the load based upon the charge and strength levels of the two DC sources. This load sharing is done, based on the fact that the two DC sources are synchronized where the more powerful of the two sources, gets the brunt of the load, i.e.; the higher percentage of the load division. If the two sources are incapable of bearing the load, then the controller directs the load to the K-Electric supply that comes via a power supply unit. Since the load connected is AC, an inverter is connected that converts the DC back to AC thus making it available for use.
Benefits of the Project- Electric Companies use our project in replace of old hybrid system.
- Industrial Area where more than one DC sources is used.
The Control Unit contains Potential and Current Transformers, along with relays that make decisions based on the actuating entity. It also contains a front panel, that would allow user interface, all while indicating the sources in use, and switches to manually override the K-Electric Supply, and displaying the Voltage and Current drawn by each source.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 80000 | |||
| Current Sensors | Equipment | 3 | 500 | 1500 |
| Voltage Sensors | Equipment | 3 | 220 | 660 |
| Power Supply 20A-220VAC -12VDC | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Inverter 12VDC-220VAC | Equipment | 1 | 4500 | 4500 |
| Rectifier Three Phase 400V 100A | Equipment | 2 | 7500 | 15000 |
| Panel Box 12 | Equipment | 1 | 8500 | 8500 |
| Controller | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Batteries | Equipment | 2 | 3500 | 7000 |
| Solar Plate 120W | Equipment | 1 | 8500 | 8500 |
| Control Cable 5m | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Power Cable 10m | Miscellaneous | 1 | 3500 | 3500 |
| Gallands 16mm | Equipment | 3 | 200 | 600 |
| Light Plug | Miscellaneous | 2 | 1500 | 3000 |
| Relays 5VDC | Equipment | 1 | 800 | 800 |
| Relays 12VDC | Equipment | 6 | 650 | 3900 |
| Panel Lights | Miscellaneous | 3 | 150 | 450 |
| Panel Button | Miscellaneous | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| Circuit Breaker 20A | Equipment | 3 | 2800 | 8400 |
| LCD Screen | Equipment | 1 | 750 | 750 |
| Stationary | Miscellaneous | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Electronic Components | Equipment | 1 | 1890 | 1890 |
| File | Miscellaneous | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| Printing | Miscellaneous | 1 | 1350 | 1350 |