Design of a Tele-Health Monitor for remote patient monitoring and specific disease prediction via ECG

The project will implement an e-health monitor using IoT technology that can measure blood pressure, Heart rate, ECG, Oxygen saturation, and body temperature through sensors. The device will generate a report on the patient's computer screen consisting of ECG wave, numeric values of Heart Rate, Body

Project Title

Design of a Tele-Health Monitor for remote patient monitoring and specific disease prediction via ECG

Project Area of Specialization

Biomedical Engineering

Project Summary

The project will implement an e-health monitor using IoT technology that can measure blood pressure, Heart rate, ECG, Oxygen saturation, and body temperature through sensors. The device will generate a report on the patient's computer screen consisting of ECG wave, numeric values of Heart Rate, Body Temperature, Oxygen saturation, and Blood Pressure with the prediction of specific heart diseases via ECG. The information collected will be networked to the registered hospital/doctor through the internet and communication devices with the help of cloud ID’s. Doctors can access this data to provide quick feedback and monitor the patient at all times and places. In essence, this system would allow easy handling of patients who are paralyzed or advised to be on complete bed rest, to be monitored remotely. It also helps early diagnosis of cardiac diseases and saves time served in back nad forth communication.

Project Objectives

Our e-health tele-monitor intend to achieve the following objectives after completion:

1. To enable citizens to experience health care services remotely using wireless technology, which forms a bridge between patient and doctor by the provision of instant professional aid. It also allows the doctor to monitor their patients at all times and places, saving time and manpower.
2. To treat 80% of the rural population, making their lives easier by connecting them to the respective Healthcare Unit or a Doctor of that particular location. To deliver health services that are cost-effective and affordable while meeting the pre-established standards of quality. 
3. Our goal is to develop a consumer-focused health care system with disease prediction abilities to increase the focus on prevention, pre-screening, and early intervention, therefore early diagnosis and medication could be done.

Project Implementation Method

The device will mainly consist of four main parts: hardware (sensors, cuff, micro-controller, Wi-Fi module), analog circuit, motor, and valve control circuit, and an Operating System. It can measure blood pressure, heartbeat rate, ECG, oxygen saturation, and body temperature through sensors and an inflatable handcuff. The five vitals will be recorded, as input from the patient, through respective sensors interfaced using Arduino UNO. A microprocessor will record data to send it to the operating system, such as Raspberry pi, which will upload the collected numeric (digital) data values to the portal/cloud. The processor will also display real-time results on screen as well as on the portal and will generate a report on the patient’s computer screen, consisting of ECG wave, numeric values of Heart Rate, Body Temperature, oxygen saturation, and Blood Pressure, with the prediction of specific heart diseases via ECG. The predictable information will inform the patient regarding the disease patient might be suffering from, related to the heart. The process of disease prediction has done by comparing normal ECG ranges with your ECG values. The program will employ a basic machine-learning algorithm to predict diseases. With the help of an inflatable cuff and air valve motor system, blood pressure is to be measured. While temperature, Oxygen saturation, and ECG will be measured using their respective sensors. The information collected is networked to the assigned hospitals as a report, through internet and communication devices with the help of cloud IDs. Doctors can use this incoming data to provide quick feedback and monitor the patient from all times and places. As the threshold value exceeds, an emergency alert is sent to the patient, and the device would allow the patient to consult the doctor immediately.

Benefits of the Project

• Affordable and provides a compact health care kit that is easy to carry.
• All in one health monitor with immediate predictions of probable heart diseases. 
• Saves time and cost for patients with locomotor disabilities.
• Instant professional assistance is provided with lesser delays.
• Report accessible to doctors for remote monitoring.
• Uses wireless technology such as IoT to bridge a connection between patient and doctor.
• Collecting data non-invasively causes less trauma to the muscles, nerves and tissues, less bleeding and scarring, less trauma to organs, less pain and reduced used of narcotics.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

In this project, an e-health patient monitor using IoT technology is implemented. The hardware part of this project will consist of five integrated circuits to monitor patients’ vitals i.e. blood pressure, heart rate, ECG, oxygen saturation, and body temperature through sensors. 

• An automatic blood pressure circuit is fabricated using an inflatable handcuff (Universal size) which is inflated and deflated automatically according to program fed in Arduino UNO. Cuff is inflated using mini 12V DC motor pump which is controlled by LM293D. The systolic and diastolic pressure are sensed by MPS20N0040D at specific time intervals and sent to Arduino UNO.
• The heart rate is measured using SEN11574 at regular intervals, as programmed in Arduino UNO.
• A 12-lead Electrocardiogram is built using AD8232 and is measured through electrodes placed in Einthoven's triangle fashion. An ECG wave will also be generated by using plotting libraries and collected signal. The program will also employ a basic machine-learning algorithm to predict specific diseases on the basis of abnormalities detected in ECG wave.
• Oxygen saturation circuit is fabricated using MAX30102 which detects the amount of reflected red light. The amount of light reflected indicates the percentage of oxygen present in blood.
• Body temperature is being measured using thermistor NTC3950 connected with a 100k ohm resistor. Thermistor is variable resistor that change their resistance with temperature, so Arduino UNO will measure the voltage change between the thermistor and the resistor to calculate the body temperature. 

The software part of this project consists of creating a server, common for patient and the assigned doctor, designed using JS or Python language. The data recorded as input from the patient through respective sensors, is sent to the operating system using Wi Fi Module Esp8266. The module will upload the collected numeric (digital) data values to the Web Server (cloud portal). Arduino UNO will display real-time results on screen as well as on the portal and will generate a report on the computer screen of patient as well as doctor. Every health monitor device will have its own unique id and the reports will be saved in doctor’s portal from these unique ids. Doctors will be able to provide quick feedback and monitor the patient from all times and places.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Medical

Other Industries

Telecommunication

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Wearables and Implantables

Sustainable Development Goals

Good Health and Well-Being for People

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com