Design and Implementation of Wireless Power Transfer by using Impedance Matching
The main objective of this project is to develop a device for wireless power transfer. The concept of wireless power transfer was realized by Nikolas Tesla. Wireless power transfer can make a remarkable change in the field of the electrical engineering which eliminates the use conventional copper ca
2025-06-28 16:31:50 - Adil Khan
Design and Implementation of Wireless Power Transfer by using Impedance Matching
Project Area of Specialization RoboticsProject SummaryThe main objective of this project is to develop a device for wireless power transfer. The concept of wireless power transfer was realized by Nikolas Tesla. Wireless power transfer can make a remarkable change in the field of the electrical engineering which eliminates the use conventional copper cables and current carrying wires. Based on this concept, the project is developed to transfer power within a small range. This project can be used for charging batteries those are physically not possible to be connected electrically such as pace makers (An electronic device that works in place of a defective heart valve) implanted in the body that runs on a battery. The patient is required to be operated every year to replace the battery. This project is designed to charge a rechargeable battery wirelessly for the purpose. Since charging of the battery is not possible to be demonstrated, we are providing a DC fan that runs through wireless power. This project is built upon using an electronic circuit which converts AC 230V 50Hz to AC 12V, High frequency. The output is fed to a tuned coil forming as primary of an air core transformer. The secondary coil develops a voltage of HF 12volt. Thus the transfer of power is done by the primary(transmitter) to the secondary that is separated with a considerable distance(say 3cm). Therefore the transfer could be seen as the primary transmits and the secondary receives the power to run load. Moreover this technique can be used in number of applications, like to charge a mobile phone, iPod, laptop battery, propeller clock wirelessly. And also this kind of charging provides a far lower risk of electrical shock as it would be galvanically isolated. This concept is an Emerging Technology, and in future the distance of power transfer can be enhanced as the research across the world is still going on. So, we have acheived a 2 meter into two directions forward and backword of the transmiter.
Project ObjectivesWireless power transfer will be achieved via resonant inductive coupling between the transmitting and receiving coils in the near field. The purpose of wireless power is to
successfully demonstrate the transfer of power by illuminating a light bulb. The device will be able to transmit 24 W of power over a distance of two meters. The charging of a battery will be accomplished using a rectifying circuit that will attempt to cancel harmonics and transfer the maximum amount of power.
Design Approach
The wireless power device will be designed in at least two sections: the oscillator and antennae coils. The oscillator circuit is connected to the transmitting coil. A sign wave is generated and transmitted two meters to the receiving coil which is attached directly to the 24 W light bulb or
1.5 V battery.
Oscillator:
The oscillator being used to generate the 44 kHz frequency is a typical royer oscillator. Connected to the output of the royer oscillator will be an antenna used to transmit the
power signal encapsulated in a 10 MHz sinusoidal waveform. This signal will encounter the transmitting coil which is coupled to the receiving coil due to resonant inductive coupling.
Antennae:
Transmitting signals over long distances requires that the transmission beam have a high degree of directionality and a very large gain requiring a larger size antenna. In the near field there is still the need for directionality and gain, but also the need for the beam not to be affected by outside radiation as it is generally transmitted at lower power levels. For purposes of far field or long distance WPT, wide angle dipole antennas are better suited for the task. While for near field or short range WPT, helical antennas provide better gain and power transfer.
For this application two helical antennas must be used. In order to illuminate a 24W light bulb and charge a 1.5V battery, the frequency must be kept very high (100kHz). To achieve this, the radius of the helical antennae coils will be kept relatively small (25cm). The helical antennas must be coupled at the same frequency. The purpose of using a helical antenna is to get higher gain through better directionality and longer wavelength which allows the signal to travel farther.
Benefits:
1. An electrical distribution system, based on this method would eliminate the need for an inefficient, costly, and capital intensive grid of cables, towers, and substations.
2. System would reduce the cost of electrical energy used by the consumer
3. It will rid the landscape of wires, cables, and transmitting towers.
4. The electrical energy can be economically transmitted without wires to any terrestrial distance, so there will be no transmission and distribution loss.
5. More efficient energy distribution systems and sources are needed by both developed and under developed nations.
6. To transmit wireless power to any distance without limit. It makes no difference what the distance is.
7. The power failure due to short circuit and fault on cables would never exist in the transmission.
8. Power theft would be not possible at all.
Technical Details of Final Deliverable| Component | Specification | Description |
| Coils | 14mm and 21mm | used for anntena and receiver |
| Distance | 2m | distance between coils |
| Royer Oscillator | 44KHz | this circuit produces 44Khz frquency |
| Power | 24W | To power a light bulb |
| DC Power Supply | 12V | This power supply used for charging a Battery which are connected with Royer Oscillator. |
| Elapsed time since start of the project | Milestone | Deliverable |
|---|---|---|
| Month 1 | 4000 | Buy battery and Design DC Power Supply |
| Month 2 | 3500 | Design Royer Oscillator |
| Month 3 | 1500 | design loop antenna |
| Month 4 | 3000 | Design Receiver |
| Month 5 | 8000 | Project designing, Documentation, Poster Designing and other expenditures |