Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status

The polluted air together with the modern lifestyle, has adversely affected human health that resulted in diseases relating to the lungs. The primary five causes of death according to the Forum of International Respiratory Societies, are Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Asthma, Acute lo

Project Title

Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

The polluted air together with the modern lifestyle, has adversely affected human health that resulted in diseases relating to the lungs. The primary five causes of death according to the Forum of International Respiratory Societies, are Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Asthma, Acute lower respiratory tract infections, tuberculosis, and lung cancer. Asthma and COPD are obstructive pulmonary diseases that affected millions of people all over the world. Asthma is a serious global health problem with an estimated 300 million affected individuals. In present scenario, COPD is becoming one of the greatest reasons of death, and it is estimated that over 600 million are afflicted with the disease.

The recently reported COVID 19 also affects the lungs efficiency severely. The higher death rate due to respiratory problems suggests the need of its earlier and easier diagnosis. In recent Covid-19 situation breathing issue is targeted term and the virus has severely affected the lungs health condition. A digital spirometer is a device which measures breathing condition and lungs health, that can highlight pulmonary diseases and the subjects can identify their problem related to lungs.

This project is about the design, construction, and calibration of the prototype of the Digital Spirometer that is used to assess how well the lungs work by measuring how much air is exhaled and how quickly it is exhaled. A Mouthpiece will be designed with to establish best possible regulated air flow channel by using differential pressure sensor. This will further be processed through a microcontroller to calculate various parameters like the volume of lung Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expired Volume in one second (FEV1), and Vital Capacity (VC) to determine the health of lung function. This data will be displayed at TFT LCD and wirelessly transmitted to a mobile device.

Our motivation behind designing this device is that in Pakistan spirometers are hardly locally made, and the digital spirometers are rarely used in many hospitals. Our effort is to make it locally as well as commercialize it after validation of our results.

                                                                                                                            Fig (1): Digital Spirometer Prototype.

(images/Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status _1639949403.png)

Project Objectives

• To design and integrate a mouthpiece for digital spirometer to establish best possible regulated air flow channel.
• To design, develop and calibrate the prototype digital spirometer and use case study of asthma or COPD patients.
• To create an Android App and integrate with the system as a user interface.
• To examine the evaluated results and get the validation from the doctor as well as standard pulmonary tests.
• To predict the Asthma or COPD (potential pulmonary diseases using parameters calculated from the device).

Project Implementation Method

The project implementation is divided into 3 main phases.

• The first phase is to design the digital spirometer with its complete integration including CAD Model Designing of the mouthpiece and the device. The Mouthpiece designing also involves calibration of Differential pressure sensor & Amplifier circuitry. The System integration of the device includes interfacing of ESP8266 NodeMCU8266 and TFT LCD display. The user interface will be developed in terms of the Android App.
• The second phase to implement the design is to obtain measurements of lung parameters such as Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and FEV1÷FVC. For this selection of best possible mathematical models and algorithms will be investigated to increase accuracy and reliability.
• The third phase is the validation of our results from the SP10BT Digital Spirometer and doctors, comparison with pulmonary tests performed by the standard device to check the lung condition.

Fig (2): Digital Spirometer Design Block Diagram.

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Benefits of the Project

• Hospitals, Homecare, Medical Equipment Industry and Athletes are going to benefited.
• After digital spirometer, no need of using manual incentive spirometer.
• Patients can do pulmonary test themself by using it.
• Helpful to analyze the breathing condition/lung condition due to impacts of using shisha, smoking, exercising, pediatric monitoring due to usage of chalks in classrooms, air pollution and may more.
• Device will also avoid infection risk due to the usage of permeable membrane inside the Mouthpiece.
• In COVID-19, this can be used like other devices such as blood pressure monitor, glucometer, thermometer present in homes for health care.  The designed digital spirometer can also be the part of it. It can be used as first aid when subject feel difficulty in breathing.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The prototype integrated Digital spirometer will be delivered along with its technical detailed reports. The system mainly consists of two parts:

1.Hardware system with 3D Model Designing, Mouthpiece designing, Differential pressure sensor & Amplifier, ESP8266 NodeMCU8266 and TFT lcd display.

             

   Fig. 3 (a) Front View of device

(images/Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status _1639949406.png)

             

 Fig.3 (b) Back view of device

(images/Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status _1639949408.png)

                             

 Fig.3 (c) Back Cover of device

(images/Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status _1639949408.png)

                        

 Fig.3 (d) Mouthpiece Design

(images/Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status _1639949410.png)

2.A software application developed on Android Platform which enables pairing of the hardware device with the smartphone. The application can be used to obtain, analyze, visualize, and save the measurement values such as Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and FEV1÷FVC.  The calculated parameters can also be shared with the doctor or caregiver.

                                           

Fig.4(a) Patient Record Screen in Mobile App

(images/Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status _1639949412.png)

     

 Fig.4(b) PFT (Pulmonary Function Test) Parameters Screen in Mobile App.

(images/Design and Implementation of Digital Incentive Spirometer for Monitoring Lungs Health Status _1639949414.png)

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Health

Other Industries

Medical , Manufacturing

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Internet of Things (IoT), 3D/4D Printing

Sustainable Development Goals

Good Health and Well-Being for People

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com