Design and fabrication of smart home safety and security system
The main purpose of this project is to achieve a successful working prototype that is capable to detect the presence of gas leakage, which in this case, the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). The device should also perform automatic response with the emergency shutdown valve once the leakage has occurre
2025-06-28 16:26:22 - Adil Khan
Design and fabrication of smart home safety and security system
Project Area of Specialization Mechanical EngineeringProject SummaryThe main purpose of this project is to achieve a successful working prototype that is capable to detect the presence of gas leakage, which in this case, the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). The device should also perform automatic response with the emergency shutdown valve once the leakage has occurred and detected. The essential part of this project is to detect the occurrence of leakage and this is done by comparing the intensity difference of the infrared radiation. Once this condition is true, this will lead to activating the emergency shutdown valve. Now a day’s security is an important aspect. Technology develops day by day in the world. Now days the crime gang also improves their technology to carry out their operation. So technology of security should be modern with time to protect the world from crime. In this project we have used laser beam to cover a large area. We know laser light goes to long distance without scattering effect.It's additionally obvious just at source and occurrence point, in any case invisible. These two properties help us to develop a modern security system, which may name as "Laser Security System." When any person or object crossover the laser light, automatically the buzzer starts ringing. Laser beam goes through long distance without scattering effect.
Project ObjectivesHarmful Gas Detection : The sensing of toxic gases such as H2S, Methane, and CO is of great importance in any industry to avoid unwanted leakage and consequences like poisoning or explosions. The presence of these gases can be easily detected in the industrial facilities and commercial buildings with the help of IoT-powered gas monitoring solution. Moreover, a gas detector or sensor device is a crucial part to carry out safe industrial operations. The sensor-enabled solution helps prevent the high risk of gas explosions and affecting any casualties within and outside the premises.
Fire Hazard Prevention : The gas sensors help detect the concentration of the gases present in the atmosphere to avoid hazardous consequences like fire breakouts. Also, it is an imperative solution to keep the plant workers and equipment safe from fire hazards. It effectively detects the presence of hazardous gases like propane and methane and alerts the plant authorities, preventing the premises from unexpected ignition. Moreover, a gas monitoring solution uses gas analyzers to generate alerts regarding the temperature increase. This allows the management to take immediate actions to curb harmful fire explosions.
Oxygen Level Measurement : Sensing the presence of gases is a necessity to conduct industrial operations as several pitmen had lost their lives due to lack of oxygen in the process of mining explorations. A sudden decrease in the oxygen levels can result in dizziness, brain damage, or even death among the workers working in mines or close-packed industrial premises. A gas monitoring system significantly benefits the industries by maintaining proper oxygen levels that reflect the optimal performance of your workers. This system also creates alerts in real-time about the decreasing oxygen levels, which gives enough time to take necessary measures to evacuate the facilities much before the health gets affected.
Protect valuables :This is, of course, the benefit most people immediately think of. We likely all know someone who has lost electronics, jewelry, or other high-value items due to a home invasion. The tragedy is compounded when the item is an irreplaceable family heirloom. While using a home safe can help protect irreplaceable items, a home security system has an alarm that can scare off many would-be burglars and can notify the local authorities if someone does attempt a break-in.
Project Implementation MethodThis project is divided into two parts:
Part I (Alarm System):-
The first part of this project is to design alarm circuit to be equipped in the prototype. Whenever the presence of gas leakage is detected by the receiver circuit, signals will be sent to the oscilloscope and relay circuit. The alarm system will automatically triggered to warn users of the leakage.
Part II (Emergency Shutdown Valve):-
Next after the first part, the second part would be the design of the circuit of emergency shutdown valve circuit. The shutdown valve will close the source of gas automatically whenever the leakage occurs to avoid severe consequence from this incident. The relay circuit acts as a switch to turn on the alarm as well as closing the shutdown valve.
Circuit Construction
The study of circuit examples from the previous projects as well as the inventions available in the market have been done in order to choose the most appropriate IR circuit to be implemented in this project. After deciding, the most reliable circuit to be constructed, the simulation is done in PSPICE in order to obtain the rough idea on how the circuit will behave.
Benefits of the ProjectGeneral benifits To layout and acquire a project “LPG Leakage Detector and security system
To design and develop a LPG Gas leakage monitoring & alert system using Arduino and saecurity system
The benifits of this project is to design a laser security system with laser and light dependent resistor, which will protect the individuals from crime, terror and threats in unsafe world in order to stay safe and secure.
To safe human's life
To provide security for home.
To provide a user friendly system
To provide a cost efficient system.
To protect a valuable item.
To protect the individual from terror and threat in the unsafe world.
To make and study the functions of laser security system.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableArduino R3: The Arduino is complete, and breadboard-friendly board. It has more or less the same functionality of the Arduino Duemilanove, but in a different package. It lacks only a DC power jack, and works with a Mini-B USB cable instead of a standard one.
Servo motor MG90s : MG90S is a micro servo motor with metal gear. This small and lightweight servo comes with high output power, thus ideal for RC Airplane, Quad copter or Robotic Arms.
Laser : A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The term "laser" originated as an acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation".
A laser differs from other sources of light in that it emits light coherently. Spatial coherence allows a laser to be focused to a tight spot, enabling applications such as laser cutting and lithography. Spatial coherence also allows a laser beam to stay narrow over great distances (collimation), enabling applications such as laser pointers. Lasers can also have high temporal coherence, which allows them to emit light with a very narrow spectrum, i.e., they can emit a single color of light. Temporal coherence can be used to produce pulses of light as short as a femtosecond. A laser is a gadget that emits light through a procedure of optical amplification dependent on stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.
Gas sensor MQ5, (or ) MQ135 Air quality sensor :
MQ-5 gas sensor has high sensitity to Methane, Propane and Butane, and could be used to detect both Methane and Propane. The sensor could be used to detect different combustible gas especially Methane, it is with low cost and suitable for different application.
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry SecurityOther Industries Health Core Technology OthersOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 72850 | |||
| Aurdino R3 | Equipment | 2 | 4500 | 9000 |
| Servo motor | Equipment | 3 | 800 | 2400 |
| Power supply | Equipment | 2 | 800 | 1600 |
| Capacitor 1000uF | Equipment | 5 | 200 | 1000 |
| Resistor 1k-10k | Equipment | 10 | 100 | 1000 |
| Relay module 4 channel | Equipment | 1 | 1100 | 1100 |
| Laser | Equipment | 4 | 400 | 1600 |
| Laser sensor | Equipment | 1 | 800 | 800 |
| Gas sensor | Equipment | 1 | 750 | 750 |
| Air quality sensor | Equipment | 1 | 900 | 900 |
| Selenoid valve | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Led strps | Equipment | 5 | 100 | 500 |
| Connectors | Equipment | 10 | 120 | 1200 |
| Veroboard | Equipment | 1 | 800 | 800 |
| Battery | Equipment | 1 | 14500 | 14500 |
| Gas cylinder | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Body cardboard and glass (prototype) | Equipment | 1 | 20000 | 20000 |
| Buzzer | Equipment | 2 | 600 | 1200 |
| wiring, IC, Fan, Heat sink | Equipment | 1 | 4000 | 4000 |
| Stationary | Miscellaneous | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Printing | Miscellaneous | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| Transport | Miscellaneous | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |