DC Micro Grid Voltage regulation using Energy Storage System

Project Title

DC Micro Grid Voltage regulation using Energy Storage System

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Micro-Grids within an Electric power system integrates large number of distributed power generations which are normally based on Renewable Energy sources. The micro-grids have many advantages specifically in far rural area, small towns and cities located where the renewable energy resources are explicitly available.

Power converters are core system components used for interfacing power sources with that of grid. As these power systems are more electronic and less mechanical, therefore have limited inertia resultantly can easily become unstable due to variations in load compared to our national grid which is considered as high inertia system. To make the micro-grid stable efficient power electronic converters along with storage and control technique is required to make it stable. The main aim of this project is to design a system consisting of an inverter connected with PV panels and batteries. The system will inject power to micro grid and variation in power is compensated by batteries. A system is a feedback system where control law is designed to manage power within the system. The batteries are charged when excessive power is available that is during off peak time and variations in power due to overloading are compensated from these batteries.  

Project Objectives

The objective of this project is to design a stable distributive generation unit based on DC-DC converter and storage batteries that is capable of inserting energy to the microgrid in case of deficient generation by using batteries. The system will be closed loop system therefore a control law will also be designed.

It will accommodate surplus energy of micro grid in energy storage system and keep the voltage on the bus of micro grid stable in a certain limit. It will also improve the life time of storage system in the micro grid.

Project Implementation Method

• Problem Identification:

Identifying the problem related to the project by deep review of different research papers,                articles and discussion on the technical platforms.

• Literature review:

Comprehensive literature review is done to know what have been done previously in the field of our interest.

• System Modeling:

The system  is mathematically modeled for design verification, and analysis.        

• Simulations:

The design is also analyzed by using simulations, where we have used software tools Simulink (MATLAB), PSim, Proteus etc.

• Hardware Implementation

Once the complete analysis are done in simulations and desired results are achieved then final verification of the system is performed by using hardware prototype of the simulated model.

• Analysis

We will do analysis of the developed Hardware by changing testing parameters.

• Prototype development

After the analysis of the hardware, we will made proto-type in which we will assemble the hardware in the presentable module.

• Documentation

In the end we will write a report and a user guide for layman or technician how to install the whole system on a feasible site.

Benefits of the Project

Although DC-DC conversion is required in many applications like Switch Mode Power Supplies, DC Transmission and Distribution and several other applications.

Recently a rapid increase in power demand has been observed globally. Resonantly conventional electrical power systems required up gradation from generation to distribution. This required a lot of capital investment. Therefore to overcome future demands and make a system cost effective an idea of smart grid is introduced. Smart grid consisting of large number of micro grids. Micro grid allows large number of low capacity distributed sources to be integrated within a grid. Thus these large number of low capacity sources can offload main grid. Our system is the core unit of micro grid and will be used to integrate distributed generators and Storage systems within a grid to overcome energy crises.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The specifications of the design are:

Converter:

A 1 KW Bidirectional DC-DC converter consisting of solid-state power electronic devices with fault protection gate drive.

Bus voltage : 300 V Dc

Storage System Voltage : 28-24 V DC

Controller:

To stabilize the voltage of the DC Bus we’ll implement digital control using Arduino or FPGA Devleopment Kit.

Report:

Documentation of project containing detailed designing, software usage and analyzing system using simulation.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology Clean TechOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	80000
Transformer 200/100V	Equipment	3	2000	6000
Transformer 200/24V	Equipment	15	450	6750
Rectifier 600V,10A	Equipment	15	50	750
Rectifier 700V,50A	Equipment	5	120	600
Battery	Equipment	2	12000	24000
FPGA Development Kit	Equipment	1	15000	15000
Arduino Mega	Equipment	1	1200	1200
Capacitor	Equipment	5	400	2000
Capacitor	Equipment	20	50	1000
Capacitor	Equipment	20	10	200
Inductor	Equipment	5	1500	7500
Resisitor	Equipment	50	4	200
PCB	Equipment	5	500	2500
Potentiometer	Equipment	20	10	200
Connection cables	Equipment	50	10	500
FeCl3	Equipment	6	100	600
Heat Sinks	Equipment	20	50	1000
Wooden Frame	Miscellaneous	1	2000	2000
Marker	Miscellaneous	12	50	600
Butter Paper/Photo Paper	Miscellaneous	30	30	900
Petrol	Miscellaneous	20	100	2000
Stationary	Miscellaneous	1	2000	2000
Printing	Miscellaneous	50	20	1000
Stande	Miscellaneous	1	1500	1500