Data Logging and Demand Side Management of Smart Nano-grid Station

Pakistan is facing electricity shortage because of increasing population, modernized home appliances and also because of Electricity wastage by the citizens of Pakistan. This increases the demand of electricity which leads to occasional blackouts in particular region of our country to equalize gener

Project Title

Data Logging and Demand Side Management of Smart Nano-grid Station

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Pakistan is facing electricity shortage because of increasing population, modernized home appliances and also because of Electricity wastage by the citizens of Pakistan. This increases the demand of electricity which leads to occasional blackouts in particular region of our country to equalize generation with demand. These blackouts could be overcome by either making new Power generation plants, which would take long time and large financial resources, or we can control and manage the power losses that are taking place in our power system by using demand side management (DSM) technique like load shedding, valley filling and peak shaving etc. Our project main task will be focused on the implementation of smart nano-grid station at residential level for Energy Management using demand side management technique. For which we propose to design a Smart Load Controller (SLC), known as Smart Nano-grid Station, which will not only increase the efficiency of power system but also controls and manages the power supplied to home appliances. This Smart Load Controller can be customized to provide specific amount of power at residential level in peak & off-peak hours as desired by the provider or feeder. It will also perform the function of cutting off load especially during the peak hours. This smart nano-grid will prevent the traditional blackouts that are happening in our country by managing the demand of home load in the peak hour when the generation is not meeting demand. This will make the user an actual contributor to electrical power system without disturbing their comfort.

Project Objectives

This final year project objective aims to manage luxury load in the form of home appliances during peak hour and allows their use in non-peak hour. In order to solve the peak hour problem, we will develop a smart load controller (SLC), known as smart nano-grid, which will work on the principle of under frequency and under voltage (UF/UV) relaying technique to realize inverse definite minimum time relaying nature of the relay (IDMT). In IDMT algorithm speed of tripping load is proportional to the rate at which the frequency/voltages rise or fall. Smart Nano-grid will be the integration of Intelligent Electronic Devices to the nano-grid which will use two-way communication between the feeder and user. It will reduce the stress on the power system during the peak hours causing the increase in system reliability and sustainability by reducing load on the power system. complete implementation of IDMT relaying algorithms will help a single residential building, economically, in managing the load automatically. Integration of digital and Information Technology to electromechanical power system will decrease the power losses and more energy will be conserved.

The main objectives of this project are concluded as  to:

• Design of a Smart load Controller (SLC) for demand side management of residential load especially in peak hours.
• Design and implementation of a smart grid system to develop a Nano-grid for house hold operation.
• To manage and reduce the losses of energy to improve the power system efficiency.

Project Implementation Method

Smart Nano-grid Station

Smart Nano-grid Station consists of mainly three parts which are given as

1. Incoming Power Controller
2. Household Power Controller
3. Home Appliance

• Incoming Power Controller

It will monitor the time and the power which is being supplied to a house. It will manage the load during peak and off-peak hours. It will receive the information about the appliance that are being used in the house from Household Power Controller. By keeping track of time, power being and supplied by the power system it will send signal to Household Power Controller to perform the desired action to manage power.

• Household Power Controller

It will monitor the appliance that are being used in a house. And the amount of power that they using during the peak and off-peak hours. Based on the information received from Incoming Power Controller it will perform the function of ON/OFF the prioritized load. For example, during peak hours the luxury load will be tripped but normal load like bulbs and 1 or 2 fans will be allowed to operate smoothly.

• Home Appliance

It includes the load of house on the power system that is to be managed by the Smart Load Controller for better working of power system. These loads will be managed by relays will be controlled by Household Power Controller by using wireless technology.

Benefits of the Project

The Smart Load Controller (SLC) will monitor and manage the load of house on power system for system reliability and sustainablity. It will allow user to consume electricity on the basis of Time of Day Tariff (ToD) which means different price of unit consumed during different time of day. Smart Nano-grid will allow load to run smoothly during the off peak hours but durin the peak hours when generation is not following demad also demad and load on the power system is maximum then SLC will cut of luxurious load and will let the common load to run smoothly. This will be done by tripping the relay alocated to specific load from the electric panel.

SLC will also monitor the important vital like frequency,voltage and current to perform ON/OFF operation on household appliances just in case when any of these vital drops or rise the specified range then the SLC working on principle of Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) which means that as the current keeps increases, the relay takes minimum time to trip the circuit. Inverse means "higher the current value, lesser the time taken for the relay to trip the circuit". Also the controller will take precautionary measure if change in frequency or voltage occours. In this way by monitering and managing power at residential level will not only increase the efficiency of power system but , also, it will prevent complete blackouts from happening.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Final Deliverable will include an integrated smart transceiver that will be connected to WAPDA Single phase. It will monitor the important vital of this supply like current, voltage and frequency. While reading these important vitals and keeping track of time, this main smart transceiver will send a signal to smart transceiver connected in the main circuit board of house. It will not only transmit the information of running home appliances but also it will perform the function of cutting off of load using demand side management techniques especially in peak hour to equalized generation with demand.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Education , IT , Finance

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Shared Economy, Clean Tech

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Responsible Consumption and Production

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com