Computer Driven Vehicle with Route Optimization
An autonomous scaled-down model (for research purpose) that detects its surroundings using sensors and camera, makes intelligent decisions to choose an optimal path to reach its destination by avoiding hurdles and other vehicles within its chosen path using Raspberry Pi as a microco
2025-06-28 16:30:53 - Adil Khan
Computer Driven Vehicle with Route Optimization
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryAn autonomous scaled-down model (for research purpose) that detects its surroundings using sensors and camera, makes intelligent decisions to choose an optimal path to reach its destination by avoiding hurdles and other vehicles within its chosen path using Raspberry Pi as a microcontroller.
Project ObjectivesIndustrial Objectives:
1. To develop a vehicle that is smart enough to drive automatically. That can opt for most suitable route out of all the paths available to reach a destination.
2. To develop an economical scaled down model of self-driving vehicle.
3. To decrease the ratio of car accidents which is actually a major cause of deaths in the world.
4. To make riding experience more comfortable and relaxing as driving errors will be less.
Research Objectives:
1. To provide a scaled down model of self-driving vehicle that can be used by
different research centers and organization for experiments.
2. To study the dynamics and structure of an computer-driven vehicle.
3. To propose an efficient algorithm that can be used for picking up most appropriate
route out of all the available routes to a particular destination.
4. To help designing Intelligent Transport System (ITS) involving self-driving vehicles.
5. To study efficiency of obstacle detection using ultrasonic sensors.
Academic Objectives:
This project will help us in applying engineering knowledge and techniques. During this project we will use systematic approach and hence our time management and project management techniques will be improved. This project will free us from bound of course-work by enhancing and diversifying our knowledge. Most of the things we studied till date will be used in developing this project resulting in a
deeper understanding of neural network, machine learning, articial intelligence, electronics, digital logic design, signal processing, embedded systems and last but not the least object oriented programming will be required and hence this project will help us grasping the core concepts of these subjects. This project will help us how to work as a team and how to cope up with unwanted situations. This project will help us to place a problem within a context and how to be creative, logical and diverse.
In our project all the modules will be integrated in a way that desired functionalities will be achieved. Raspberry pi will be getting data from ultrasonic sensors that are mounted on the car, the system that will provide destination point and visual data from pi cameras that will produce stereoscopic vision. Route optimization algorithms will run on raspberry pi and hence an optimal path will be produced, based on the given input, that will lead the model to desired destination. The car model will sense any obstacles and hurdles in its vicinity. Computer vision algorithms will be used to avoid obstacles if present otherwise the model will keep moving on the road according to selected path until it reaches its destination. The system Workflow is shown below:
Some main groups of people that can use this technology are as follow:
1. Industrialists:
Currently there are no companies that are offering fully autonomous cars driving in any condition, on any road and with no human overseer. Now debate is moving from how safe autonomous vehicles are to how economical they are and what revenue they will generate. Our model will enable automotive industries to conduct new experiment to produce an economical autonomous vehicle.
2. Engineers:
Fully developed autonomous vehicles are not feasible for conducting experiments. Our model will help Engineers to apply dfferent machine learning algorithm and these algorithm can be tested in real environment. Experiments can be conducted without putting any life in danger.
3. Researchers:
Our model of fully autonomous computer-driven will enable researchers to think in dfferent direction. Students can use our model to do further work and conduct different researches.
4. Early adopters:
There are people out there who buy things to be trendy and for the love of technology. Initially target market of self driving vehicles based on our scaled down model is techno-centric people with above-the-average income.
5. Handicapped and Elderly people:
Many people can't drive car because they are handicapped or they are old so they can't keep their focus on driving . Self-driving cars free people from the liability of driving. We don't have to remember map and we don't have to pay constant attention to road.
6. Parents:
If laws allowed kids to ride AVs by themselves. Parents are most likely to buy these cars. As it will give them liberty from picking and dropping there kids for classes. Moreover advance features of AVs will enable them to keep track of their children's activities.
7. Other Benefits:
This model can help in buidling a real autonomous car that may help in decreasing the rate of road accidents.
Hardware Interface
The hardware modules and how they are connected with each other are as follows:
1. Computer vision algorithms and neural networks will communicate using Raspberry Pi 3.
2. The software embedded on Raspberry Pi will communicate with the car model to move autonomously.
3. The motors of the car will be connected to Raspberry Pi through motor driver (L293D IC).
4. The ultrasonic sensor will be controlled by the Raspberry Pi through GPIO Pins.
5. Pi Camera will be mounted on the front of the car and will be controlled by Raspberry Pi through a standard CSI-Camera Port.
Hardware interface is shown as:
Software Interface
The software system of this project has following interfaces:
1 PWM output to the motor for propulsion and steering using the built-in library in Raspbian Operating System.
2 Visual input from the Pi cam using Raspbian OS.
3 Connection of the user interface to the car using Router.
4 Sensors data input to Raspberry Pi through Raspbian OS.
Communication Interface
The communication interface of scaled down model is as follows:
1 The communication interface between car model and Raspberry Pi is standard GPIO Pins.
2 Car model and user interface are communicating wirelessly through router.
Communication interface is shown below:
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 40048 | |||
| Model Car | Equipment | 1 | 2080 | 2080 |
| Raspberry Pi | Equipment | 1 | 7800 | 7800 |
| Pi Cam | Equipment | 1 | 1300 | 1300 |
| US sensor | Equipment | 3 | 156 | 468 |
| Male to Female Cables | Equipment | 2 | 160 | 320 |
| Data cables | Equipment | 3 | 200 | 600 |
| Power Bank(4400 mAh) | Equipment | 1 | 845 | 845 |
| Power Bank(10000 mAh) | Equipment | 1 | 2500 | 2500 |
| Jumpers | Equipment | 1 | 130 | 130 |
| Battery (9v) | Equipment | 5 | 55 | 275 |
| Battery (6v) | Equipment | 1 | 390 | 390 |
| Battery (5v) | Equipment | 1 | 390 | 390 |
| Battery (7v) | Equipment | 1 | 520 | 520 |
| IC (L293D) | Equipment | 4 | 90 | 360 |
| Resistances pack | Equipment | 2 | 30 | 60 |
| Voltage Regulator | Equipment | 2 | 20 | 40 |
| Buck Converter | Equipment | 1 | 205 | 205 |
| IC case | Equipment | 2 | 10 | 20 |
| DMM | Equipment | 1 | 975 | 975 |
| SD Card(32 GB) | Equipment | 1 | 1950 | 1950 |
| Screw set | Equipment | 1 | 650 | 650 |
| VGA to HDMI Converter | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Extension | Equipment | 1 | 450 | 450 |
| Wire Cutter | Equipment | 1 | 250 | 250 |
| Pliers | Equipment | 1 | 280 | 280 |
| Bread Board | Equipment | 2 | 160 | 320 |
| Vero-Board | Equipment | 1 | 50 | 50 |
| RPi Ribbon Cable | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| WiFi Router | Equipment | 1 | 2200 | 2200 |
| Soldering Iron | Equipment | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| Card Reader | Equipment | 2 | 50 | 100 |
| LED Pack | Equipment | 1 | 50 | 50 |
| USB (16GB) | Equipment | 1 | 1200 | 1200 |
| Final Model Car | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| Ethernet Cable | Equipment | 2 | 600 | 1200 |
| Mouse | Equipment | 1 | 260 | 260 |
| Battery Clip Connector | Equipment | 2 | 15 | 30 |
| Battery holder | Equipment | 2 | 40 | 80 |
| Printing of Feasibility Report | Miscellaneous | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| Printing SRS | Miscellaneous | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| Conveyance | Miscellaneous | 1 | 3500 | 3500 |
| Flex | Miscellaneous | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| Final Report | Miscellaneous | 1 | 1600 | 1600 |
| Laptop Maintenance | Miscellaneous | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |