Backward Compatible GPS Spoofing Detection for Aerial Purposes

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is comprised of a network of satellites that continually broadcast signals. Many navigation systems such as navigation of airplane and automobiles rely heavily on GPS signals to determine their location in time and space. By transmitting false GPS signals to these

Project Title

Backward Compatible GPS Spoofing Detection for Aerial Purposes

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is comprised of a network of satellites that continually broadcast signals. Many navigation systems such as navigation of airplane and automobiles rely heavily on GPS signals to determine their location in time and space. By transmitting false GPS signals to these systems, it is possible to remotely take them over i.e., to hack/spoof the GPS system. The counterfeit signals slowly overpower the authentic GPS signals until they ultimately obtained control of respective navigation system. Spoofing threat grows as our reliance on GPS signal grows. The worst thing is that GPS Spoofing can go undetected. Navigation systems will not observe anything until the fateful moment. Therefore, it is necessary to have some sort of GPS spoof detection mechanisms to recognize these signals and develop an immunity against them for smooth operation. Anti-spoofing mechanisms can also be employed in civilian drones used in photography, surveying, inspection, and agriculture.

Despite the antenna’s privileged position as the first line of defense against interferers, jammers and spoofers, most detection and mitigation techniques are realized in the receiver’s backend signal processing blocks. These conventional techniques require considerable additional hardware added to the receiver’s frontend and antenna design. On the other hand, mostly multi-antenna arrays are used for the purpose of detection/mitigation of interference, jamming and spoofing. In case of a single antenna detection/mitigation designs, some form of antenna movement over time is required. The aim of this project is to develop a switching Antenna for GPS Anti-spoofing technique. The antenna will switch from right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) to left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) using a switch and based on Cross polar discrimination the spoofing signals will be detected. Students will investigate on anti-spoofing attacks on civilian GPS, analyze the requirements for successful anti-spoofing techniques and finally will develop an Anti-spoofing technique. 

Project Objectives

• The design of antenna for RHCP GNSS signals.
• The design of an electronic switch that permits high speed switching from the default radiation pattern that is predominantly right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) to one that is predominantly left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP), in the upper hemisphere of the antenna.
• Fabrication of integrated design (Switching antenna) and finally testing the detection of spoofing signals using the received SNR of signal to identify if the signal is originating from above the antenna or from below it, and thus, if the signal is genuine or spoofed.

Project Implementation Method

Initially the design of circularly polarized antenna , single pole double through switch for switching between RHCP and LHCP.  Design of coupler in CSTon the GPS frequency 1.575Ghz and simulations to get the appropraite results, then fabrication of the antenna, switch, and coupler and at end the testing.

Benefits of the Project

Security and Defence Inductry:  To  avoide hijacking of aeroplanes and other aerial vehicles,

Elcetronic Warfare : To detect fake GPS signals and avoid national assets to fell in enemy's hand.

Commercial Industry: To secure the flights of delivery and private drones.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The working antenna , Hybrid coupler and Single Pole Double Through Switch collectively work to detects the spoofing signal from the spoofer. the antenna will switch from Right Hand Circular Polarization(RHCP) normal mode to Left Hand Circular Polarization(LHCP) detection mood. There will  SNR of GPS signal  in the normal mode and when the antenna will switch to detection mode, the SNR detected is same as in the normal mode then it means there is a spoofer present and if there is no SNR in the detection mode it means that there is no spoofer present. in this way the antenna work.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Security

Other Industries

IT

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Robotics

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

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