Autonomous Agriculture Robot
Agricultural technology plays an important role in agriculture and agriculture is a major step forward in civilization. The basic practice of Agricultural development is a well-equipped tool. According to tradition way and we had armed tools, but they were not the atom. The number of workers had to
2025-06-28 16:25:29 - Adil Khan
Autonomous Agriculture Robot
Project Area of Specialization Computer ScienceProject SummaryAgricultural technology plays an important role in agriculture and agriculture is a major step forward in civilization. The basic practice of Agricultural development is a well-equipped tool. According to tradition way and we had armed tools, but they were not the atom. The number of workers had to put in more energy armed tools. In recent days due to a lack of skilled and modern staff in technology and order eat less and increase productivity default. At the same time, the default should also be cost-effective and minimize time. Local impact changes affect production that is in line with the needs of the food industry they are growing. By considering all of that as technology Agribot built. The required production requirement is to soil preparation. According to the traditional method the soil is first cleaned to remove unwanted roots. Then lines are drawn appropriately in the system these lines are 2- 3 inches deep for after sowing the seed should be sealed. The distance between planting depends on the type of seed harvest. It varies from plant to plant. This method is used several times time and the Staff had to put in more energy or use other animals or tools or tractors or other cars that made a lot of noise. In some cases, there is also making holes and sowing seeds in the hand. Most of the time the animal used was two carts. So there was a need for automatic problems with the technology used in the field of Agriculture. The main uses of robots in agriculture are for sowing and harvesting. This robot performs leveling, digging; sowing seeds as well as seed cover simultaneously, controlled by an Android app from the front side with the help of control of the circuit at Robot.
Project Objectives• Design and development of an agricultural robot that can be able to plow and dispense seeds in agricultural fields.
• Control of this agro-bot will be wireless.
• Analyze the design of the plow tool and develop a real-time system.
• To propose a low-cost but effective real-time agro-bot system.
• To build a battery-operated smart agricultural robot for multipurpose farm activities.
• It should check the moisture content in the soil, the humidity of the surroundings, and the temperature of the seed.
• The ground should be dug to the specified depth and an adequate amount of seeds has to be dispensed then it should level the mud after the seeding operation.
• It should be easy to operate and safe to handle.
• The main objective of this project is to design and manufacture a robot that is capable of sowing seeds and water irrigation in uniform order.
• Individuals can easily operate this robot with a minimum knowledge without any problem.
• Reducing cost, as well as human effort using various agriculture operations, like seed sowing and irrigation
Pakistan is an agricultural country and 24% of GDP (gross domestic product) is also coming from this field. If the latest technology like robotics, control, and automation will be combined in this field then a county can receive more and more benefits. Hence, we took a decision to put our efforts in this field for the assistance of our country. The aim of our project is to develop a microcontroller-based system for precision agriculture. To get complete this task, a method is recommended in this section. A microcontroller-based system comprises two sections, a mechanical and an automation section. This project can do perform the following tasks in a good manner:
• Soil preparation using DC motor
• Seed injection precisely
• Watering
The agricultural sector utilizes animals and tractors to cultivate the soil in regular farming. Perhaps, it would utilize more energy to drive tractors, and pollution be caused by fuel. To overcome this drawback, we developed a microcontroller-based machine interfaced with motors that are controlled through a motor driver using the PWM (Pulse width modulation) technique. The speed of the motor can be changed using PWM (pulse width modulation) technique with the state of the soil surface. A current sensing system has also been implemented in order to sense the current, if the state of the soil surface is hard then it will draw more current, and the speed of the motor will be changed in such a way that it can work on that surface without any damages. In the same way, if the state of the soil surface is not so hard then it will draw less current, and the speed of the motor will be changed accordingly. This method for the irregular farms is utilized for good performance. A drill bit that is attached with the motor through drill chuck using the rotational motion of motor enables to reach beneath the surface. The energy required for this mechanism is much less compared to tractors as it gets energy either using batteries or a solar system.
Seeds are needed to sow in the soil after the preparation of soil. Hands were utilized to sow seeds that also utilize time, energy, and skilled man in the regular farming. A seed injector is used to sow seeds in this microcontroller-based machine. It has also the additional benefit in that it distributes the seeds precisely, accurately, and efficiently at the desired location deep into the ground. In this way, we can optimize the farming and can-do high value cropping in less expanse, time, and energy.
Watering is being done using tube wells and distributed uniformly over the whole field in the regular farming which results in over application in some areas and under the application in others and results in dangerous effects on the efficiency of land. This microcontroller-based system utilized water nozzles to water seeds precisely and accurately at the desired location in order to reduce water consumption and utilize it correctly
Now there's no space of using old methods of farming. Each task of farming must be robotized and automatic. Electronics, robotics, and automation should be implemented in farming. For that purpose, we implemented this concept for the final year project and are available up with a compact farming machine having the ability to perform the following tasks precisely, accurately, and efficiently.
• Soil preparation with a current feedback mechanism
• Seed sowing with solenoid valve and relay mechanism
• Watering using a pump
• Monitoring agricultural parameters like moisture, humidity, and temperature.
The final deliverable of “Autonomous Agriculture Robot" will be an android based remote application and hardware robot along with a documentation manual having all technical details of the application. The primary goal of developing an autonomous robot is to increase the speed of work and to use resources more effectively, efficiently, and precisely which can do a variety of agricultural chores that have been accomplished. Farming activities such as soil bed preparation, planting, and watering are all possible with this robot. A drill bit with a DC motor via drill chuck was developed to bring nutrients to the surface of the soil for soil bed preparation. A seed injector with a solenoid valve and relay was utilized to plant the seeds. Water pressure was controlled by a water pump for watering. Due to the simultaneous functioning of the tools, the robot's capacity to move in three dimensions enhances the efficiency of farming operations. To operate the robot from a distance, an interactive GUI was designed. This Web application allows users to control robots by allowing them to complete one job at a time or several tasks at the same time.
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry AgricultureOther Industries IT Core Technology RoboticsOther Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI)Sustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic GrowthRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 67000 | |||
| Aluminum Robot Body | Equipment | 1 | 10000 | 10000 |
| Welding | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Motor drivers(TOSHIBA TB6560) | Equipment | 4 | 1500 | 6000 |
| DC MOTOR 775 | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| L298 H-BRIDGE | Equipment | 2 | 1500 | 3000 |
| ARM MICROCONTROLLER STM32F407 | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Bluetooth Module | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Relay Driver Module | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Power Strip | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Battery 12v | Equipment | 2 | 3000 | 6000 |
| Regulator | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Arduino UNO | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Tyres | Equipment | 4 | 500 | 2000 |
| Seed Injecting Drill | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Stepper Motor | Equipment | 4 | 1000 | 4000 |
| DHT11 TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Water Pressure Pump | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Water Pipes | Equipment | 2 | 200 | 400 |
| Water Tank | Equipment | 1 | 600 | 600 |
| Drill Chuck | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Drill Bit | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Wires | Equipment | 20 | 50 | 1000 |
| GROVE SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Gear Motor | Equipment | 2 | 1500 | 3000 |
| Printing Document | Miscellaneous | 4 | 500 | 2000 |
| Simulation | Miscellaneous | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |