Automation of Water filtration plant

Project Title

Automation of Water filtration plant

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Reverse Osmosis (RO) Water Filtration Plant is a machine that is capable of removing the contaminants from water by using pressure which forces the water molecules to pass through a semi permeable membrane while flushing out the unwanted particles. Attaining the required Total Dissolved Solvents (TDS) parameter is a major challenge due to various complications. The main idea of this project is the development of an entirely automated water filtration system. The second goal is to develop and test the real-time performance (removal of the contaminants and achieving the desired TDS) of the system designed. The reference point will be the Product tank of the system – relying on its feedback the system will operate accordingly. The sensors will measure the various parameters in real-time and the controllers will be implemented on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and a Human-Machine Interface (HMI). 

Reverse osmosis can remove many types of dissolved and suspended species from water, including bacteria and is used in both industrial processes and the production of potable water. The result is that the solute is retained on the pressurized side of the membrane and the pure solvent is allowed to pass to the other side.

Project Objectives

The main objectives of the project are as follows: 

• Development of a testbed based upon water filtration plant.
• Development of machine to machine communication. 
• Development and testing of the PLC controller for filtration process.
•  Development and achieving the desired quality/parameters of the filtered water.
• Monitoring and control of water treatment using an HMI.
• Interfacing various sensors and controllers to automate the filtration process.

Project Implementation Method

To implement this whole filtration process, first of all a hardware needs to be implemented following a software program. In this program it must be taken into account that the goal of the project is open-loop and closed-loop control. The Filtration Plant can be operated not only automatically but also manually by a PLC and an HMI respectively using TIA portal dashboard while depending on the feedback from the Level sensor of the product tank. The Level sensor then autonomously activates or de-activates the filtration process via the feedback loop. An Ethernet based network configuration using Siemens Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) S7-1200 will allow the Filtration Plant to communicate with the Human-Machine Interface (HMI). The whole process will be monitored and also be able to controlled manually through the HMI. 
 

Benefits of the Project

• Cost effective water purification o industrial level.
• Health and sanitation improvement.
• Clean water availability to remote and underdeveloped areas.
• Automatic and IOT controlled based system.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

• Capable of removing the contaminants from water and achieving the desired TDS 
• Multiple sensors (Pressure sensor, Level sensors, Flow sensor, Overload sensor, Water meter) 
• Wired communication via Ethernet switch.
•  Entirely automated system with a manual control option
• Emergency Halt switch 
• Surge protection
• Human Readable display for parameters and controlling
• Energy Meter display (Voltage, Current, Frequency, Energy consumed, units etc.)

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry HealthOther Industries Manufacturing Core Technology Clean TechOther Technologies Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Clean Water and SanitationRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	65600
Mechanical Frame and filtration membranes	Equipment	1	50000	50000
Level Switch	Equipment	2	1500	3000
Pressure Switch	Equipment	1	7000	7000
Flow Sensor	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Energy Meter	Equipment	1	3600	3600