An Unarmed Active Lenz Desalinator

Water plays an important role, whether it?s in the context of agriculture, food security, in pursuit of survival or wealth. The need to treat contaminated water is expanding because of the developing population and limited supply of fresh water. Standard innovations, for example, multi-stage flash,

Project Title

An Unarmed Active Lenz Desalinator

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Water plays an important role, whether it’s in the context of agriculture, food security, in pursuit of survival or wealth. The need to treat contaminated water is expanding because of the developing population and limited supply of fresh water. Standard innovations, for example, multi-stage flash, multi-effect distillation and reverse osmosis are reliable, however these methods are costly. Besides, they can't be utilized where there are restricted consideration facilities. Furthermore, the utilization of customary energy sources to drive these advances adversely affects the climate and ultimately human life. Utilizing sunlight based energy is a reasonable method for getting a modest quantity of fresh water from polluted water.

In this case we introduce a project, “An Unarmed active lens water desalination”. The main target audience is rural area people. This method is quite different to others, as it’s cheap in price and easy to install. A lens with 3-axis solar tracking system provide the heat to a box of water. Automatic solar detection system will be able to get maximum heat to water to gain its temperature to maintain a value of 120 Degree Celsius. 120 Degree temperature convert the boiling water to start vaporization. The box we made to store the water is curved shaped. Vaporized water slip through the surface area of the box and through outlet valve we stored the vaporized water to drink.  When water starts vaporizing a thick layer produced in the bottom of the box and the lighter water converts to vaporization which would be collected through outlet valve as a fresh water.

Project Objectives

Water covers 70% of our planet and it's easy to believe it will always be in abundance. Yet the fresh water we drink, bathe in, and irrigate our fields is incredibly rare. Only 3% of the world's water is available as fresh water, and two-thirds of that is hidden in frozen glaciers. Inadequate sanitation is also a problem for billion people who are exposed to diseases such as cholera and typhoid, as well as other waterborne diseases. With the passage of time, the amount of pure water will decrease, so purifying water and meeting human needs is our main goal. We obtain the fresh water by taking the contaminated water and heating it with the help of Fresnel lens according to the three-axis solar tracking scheme and boil it to a defined temperature until it converts to vapor phase. Vapors being collected through the outlet valve as fresh water. So our main goal is to purify water used for human purpose.

• in easiest way
• with cheapest method

Project Implementation Method

Our active water solar desilnator mainly consists of two parts. (I) Mechanical part (II) Electrical part. Both of these parts do their corresponding works.

As for mechanical concern following are the some part that are used. An iron stand, DC motors, fresnel lens with iron frame and water tank with metal piece inside it. An iron stand is used to give the mechanical support to motor that is mounted on the top of iron stand. Two Dc motors and one servo motor is used for tracking the sun throughout the day. The first DC motor is mounted on the top of iron stand with the arm that is horizontal to the stand. With the horizontal stand there is motor mounted at the end of arm that give mechanical support to the frame of lens. With the second motor there is iron frame mounted that supports the fresnel lens. There is another frame attached to servo motor that tilt the fresnel lens to get max. radiation. All of these motors are connected to motor module ‘H-bridge L298’. The first motor that is mounted on the top of iron stand is connected to the motor module and is controlled by the feedback of temperature sensor that measure the temperature of water and send the feedback to the motor to control its movement according to the set conditions. The second motor that is connected to the arm of first motor is used for tracking the sun from east to west throughout the day with the sun. The third motor is connected to the frame with the servo motor that is used for the adjustment of the fresnel lens according to the sun radiation.

As for electrical part there is PCB design where the Arduino is mounted on it that gather all the components together and give instructions to the connected parts. All motors are connected to the 2 H-bridge modules and these modules are connected to the PCB. A 12v supply is connected to the H-bridge module. In program algorithm we have set the conditions and movements of motor accordingly. The first motor movement is control by the feedback of submerged temperature sensor. When the temperature range exceed the set value then the motor move upward along with frame and when temperature goes down by the predefined value the motor move downward to get the desire temperature. Between the upper and lower limits there is defined range of temperature where the motor get stop. Second motor is just used for the tracking of sun from east-west throughout the day to collect the solar radiation. The servo motor is used to tilt the fresnel lens frame according the day number.

Benefits of the Project

An unarmed active lens water desalination system that we have designed works on basically the idea of separating the energy consumption that is being used in case of others desalination systems and operates being the cheapest method as compare to all others. A very few of the vast benefits of this method of desalination are written below:

Conserving Natural Resources:

By the use of resources other than natural resources for the system that are also rare, there would be the shortage of that resource and it will be costly as well. To face this kind of difficulty we have designed a system which is getting its energy from solar radiations that are easily gettable with zero cost and operates automatically.

Protecting Ecosystem and Wildlife:

There are Standard innovations, for example multi-stage flash, multi-effect distillation and reverse osmosis etc. The utilization of customary energy sources to drive these advances adversely affects the climate and ultimately human life. Sun oriented desalination innovation is a spotless cycle for creating clean water from contaminated water. Utilizing sunlight based energy is a reasonable method for getting a modest quantity of fresh water from polluted water.

Cutting Climate-Changing Emissions:

As it is not using any other resource and it relates to sun oriented only therefor this system does not contain carbon emission which is severe threat for the environment as well as human health. There is no emission of green house gases into the atmosphere which causes disastrous climate changes.

Cheaper Solution:

Utilizing sunlight based energy is a reasonable method for getting a modest quantity of fresh water from polluted water. Since this system is using only renewable energy source that is why no cost for the running process as compared to other desalination methods that requires high amount of energy for running process. Except from that, it has low maintenance cost and easy way to maintain it, besides that it does not require maintenance too early.

Easy Installation:

Sun oriented desalination innovation is a spotless cycle for creating clean water from contaminated water. Having simple structure and operations, this method can be utilized anywhere without any hindrance and can be operated conveniently but it’s not same in other desalination methods because they can't be installed where there are restricted consideration facilities.   

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Our active water solar desilnator mainly consists of two parts. (I) Mechanical part (II) Electrical part. Both of these parts do their corresponding works.

As for mechanical concern following are the some part that are used. An iron stand, DC motors, fresnel lens with iron frame and water tank with metal piece inside it.

As for electrical part there is PCB design where the Arduino is mounted on it that gather all the components together and give instructions to the connected parts. All motors are connected to the 2 H-bridge modules and these modules are connected to the PCB. A 12v supply is connected to the H-bridge module.

Our system operates automatically throughout the year along with the sun with 3-axis tracking and we will get pure water supply continuously.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Food

Other Industries

Agriculture

Core Technology

Clean Tech

Other Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Good Health and Well-Being for People, Clean Water and Sanitation, Responsible Consumption and Production, Climate Action

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com