An Energy management system to optimise the use of electricity, gas and water using smart meter mechanism and IOT devices
Analogue and Digital meters have been a source of energy monitoring in Pakistan. Consumption of electricity has been monitored using digital static single phase or static three phase energy meters and consumption of gas has been monitored using analogue meters. Water consumption does not have meteri
2025-06-28 16:25:05 - Adil Khan
An Energy management system to optimise the use of electricity, gas and water using smart meter mechanism and IOT devices
Project Area of Specialization Artificial IntelligenceProject SummaryAnalogue and Digital meters have been a source of energy monitoring in Pakistan. Consumption of electricity has been monitored using digital static single phase or static three phase energy meters and consumption of gas has been monitored using analogue meters. Water consumption does not have metering mechanism which can monitor the usage of water. The traditional metering mechanism has caused dissatisfaction at consumer end. Pakistan is selling electricity and gas at high cost which is not affordable for everyone. Energy management has failed due to the use of conventional meters from which we don’t have sufficient data which results in wrong policy and mismanagement. Use of advanced metering mechanism (AMI) can be beneficial in policy making and management, it can be used to monitor data and to control the usage of electricity, gas and water.
To avoid the severity of upcoming energy crisis in country, energy management and optimization process for the use of water, electricity and gas is required. So, for the solution of this problem, smart meters of electricity and water along with digitizing of analogue gas meter using optical character recognition (OCR) technique to be used. Smart meters will help us to collect large amount of data and the collected data will be used to provide efficient solution to the consumer. The collected data will be sent to the concentrator and useful data will be extracted. The web portal will be developed to analyze the collected data. Mobile application will be developed to observe real time data and to control multiple appliances. Artificial Intelligence algorithms to be used for decision making along with providing efficient solutions to consumer. Finally, a product will be designed that will optimize the use of electricity, water and gas.
Project ObjectivesThe main objectives we need to achieve to make this project are as follow:
- To develop a concentrator for collecting data from Electricity meter and Gas meter using a wireless medium i.e. GPRS.
- To optimize energy using useful data of Electricity and Gas from developed concentrator.
- Optimizing water usage using advanced metering mechanism.
- Development of web interface for previous and present energy data analysis.
- Decision Making using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms and switching of appliances using IoT devices.
- To switch appliances of electricity and gas, electronic switches such as relays and digital valves will be used which will be operated using IoT devices.
- Smart meters of electricity, gas and water will be used for automatic meter reading of energy consumption data. Concentrator will be developed where data from metering devices will be sent to a single concentration point. Wireless medium will be used to transmit data from meters to the concentrator.
- Data from electricity and gas meters will be used for energy optimization.
- Data from water meter will be used for water optimization using smart metering mechanism.
- All the data from electricity, gas and water meter will be then sent to a developed web interface. This web interface will analyze previous and present energy data.
- Artificial Intelligence algorithms will be developed for the switching of electricity and gas appliances based on decision making from algorithm.
- IoT devices will be used along with development of mobile application for switching of appliances.
- Electronic relays and digital valves will be used for turning on and off appliances.
- By increasing the use of smart meters, the world is getting benefits in the form of losses management and restoration, reduced meter reading cost and theft identification.
- By optimizing energy, we will save natural resources and carbon emissions will be reduced which will be good for climate.
- Pakistan is selling electricity at high cost due to large amount of theft, power losses and mismanagement of energy, which is not affordable for everyone and its affordability is limiting the use of it.
- We are using smart meters for energy data collection, this will reduce meter reading cost and control theft of energy.
- Data sent to web interface will be stored there and analysis will be performed for present data and previous data.
- Switching of appliances using IoT devices and relays will switch an appliance form electricity to gas or gas to electricity if that appliance supports both.
- energy management along with correct and accurate consumption details will be monitored and this will reduce electricity, gas and water bills.
- There will be no need for meter readers to monitor energy data monthly. This will also reduce meter reading cost.
- There will be an energy management policy which will lead to resources optimization.
- decisions made by AI will intelligently manage the utilization of electricity, gas and water.
- When energy will be optimized, cost will be reduced and less resources will be used for the generation and consumption of electricity and gas.
- Water metering mechanism will help in making water management policy to avoid future crisis.
- Smart meters of electricity, gas and water will be used for automatic meter reading of energy consumption data. Concentrator will be developed where data from metering devices will be sent to a single concentration point. Wireless medium will be used to transmit data from meters to the concentrator.
- Data from electricity and gas meters will be used for energy optimization.
- Data from water meter will be used for water optimization using smart metering mechanism.
- All the data from electricity, gas and water meter will be then sent to a developed web interface. This web interface will analyze previous and present energy data.
- Artificial Intelligence algorithms will be developed for the switching of electricity and gas appliances based on decision making from algorithm.
- IoT devices will be used along with development of mobile application for switching of appliances.
- Electronic relays and digital valves will be used for turning on and off appliances.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 55150 | |||
| DC supply | Equipment | 1 | 8000 | 8000 |
| Water flow sensor | Equipment | 2 | 500 | 1000 |
| Solenoid valve | Equipment | 3 | 1000 | 3000 |
| Socket 3/4 | Equipment | 6 | 100 | 600 |
| Garden Pipe | Equipment | 5 | 50 | 250 |
| Clamp | Equipment | 10 | 50 | 500 |
| Arduino Uno | Equipment | 3 | 800 | 2400 |
| Voltage sensor | Equipment | 1 | 350 | 350 |
| Current sensor | Equipment | 1 | 250 | 250 |
| Real time clock | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| Node MCU | Equipment | 3 | 400 | 1200 |
| Esp 32 wifi module | Equipment | 1 | 1200 | 1200 |
| Single phase digital meter | Equipment | 1 | 3500 | 3500 |
| Analogue Gas meter | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| FTDI cable | Equipment | 1 | 270 | 270 |
| Cable for Nano | Equipment | 1 | 30 | 30 |
| Arduino camera | Equipment | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| DMM | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Raspberrypi | Equipment | 1 | 12000 | 12000 |
| Foundary Work | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Resistor, Capacitor | Equipment | 50 | 10 | 500 |
| Motors | Equipment | 2 | 500 | 1000 |
| Electrical load | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| IEEE Membership | Miscellaneous | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Traveling | Miscellaneous | 1 | 2500 | 2500 |
| Miscellaneous | Miscellaneous | 1 | 2500 | 2500 |
| Copper wire | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |