An Automated Irrigation System Using Microcontroller With SMS Alert System

Project Title

An Automated Irrigation System Using Microcontroller With SMS Alert System

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Freshwater is the foundational requirement for crops and energy production, industrial fabrication as well as human and eco system. According to AQUAST data base(2016) 69% of total extracted freshwater is used by agriculture sector whereas 19% is used by industrial sector and the rest is used by domestic sections[1]. In future, the global food security depends upon agriculture so water can be considered as a critical need. Irrigation is the mannered application for watering the land for agriculture. Effective irrigation will impact the entire growth process. Another very important reason for this is  the unplanned use of water due to which a significant amount of water goes waste. Automatic irrigation will provide better irrigation management using  modern technology and also it can be a time saving technology. This technology will have a great impact on upcoming irrigation system.

This technology can also be effective for household use, when no one is present at the house, plants need to be watered. This project also comes with an SMS alert system. The system sends a message to the user that the Automated watering process has started so the user gets satisfied and will not worry about the plants.  

Project Objectives

The aims and objectives of this project are to replace the traditional techniques used in agriculture system with automatic techniques so the water can be used more efficiently and effectively. A sensor based automated irrigation system will provide optimistic solution for farmers. Their presence in the field will not be necessary during the irrigation process.

The household will not depend on a housekeeper for watering plants because plants will get watered automatically and the user will receive a confirmation SMS that plants are safe and getting water regularly.

Project Implementation Method

The project includes several functional blocks namely Acquisition block, Microcontroller block, Automatic functional block, Monitoring and SMS alert block as shown in figure.

• Acquisition Block

This block includes the moisture sensor which takes data from the soil. The sensor decides whether to send high voltage or low voltage to the microcontroller by sensing the moisture level of the soil. When soil is wet it will send low output voltage, whereas when it is dry it will send high output voltage. This sensor is directly connected to the microcontroller.

• Microcontroller block

This block includes the core hardware of the project which is  microcontroller. Microcontroller receives the input from the moisture sensor and it processes the input based on the requirement coded in the microcontroller.

• Automatic functional block

This block includes the automated watering function of the system. The automated function consists of two main controlling hardware, which is relay module and DC watering pump. The relay is an automatic electric switch that uses an electromagnet to move the switch from OFF to ON or vice versa. The switch controls the electric signal that passes through the water pump. When the moisture level is below the threshold level, Arduino sends a signal to the relay module to automatically open the path for the electric to pass through the water pump to water the plant. After the system detects the sufficient level of the water in the soil, the relay will close the path for electric and thus the water pump will be stopped immediately pumping the water.

• Monitoring and SMS alert block

This block includes an LCD display and GSM module. The LCD display is used to monitor the moisture level of soil by showing the percentage of the moisture on screen, it also shows the pump status which is on and off. The GSM module will be used to send a message alert to the user when pump gets on and off.

Benefits of the Project

´Nowadays due to the increase in the different facilities population is increasing day by day and since food is one of the basic need of human beings , to make it available for the billions trillions of people in the world the traditional type of agricultural is not sufficient. The system we have designed is based on Agricultural technology.

´Highly developed countries which produce the particular amount of agriculture product this system can enhance their production in the scientific way.

´Since farmer can know the status of the fields from anywhere through his/her mobile and it consumes less time.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The project is based on a hardware prototype and can be delivered to customers and the customers can apply the prototype in their daily use.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry AgricultureOther Industries Food , Energy , Finance Core Technology OthersOther Technologies Wearables and ImplantablesSustainable Development Goals Zero Hunger, Decent Work and Economic GrowthRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	46500
Microcontoller	Equipment	1	8000	8000
GSM Module	Equipment	1	10000	10000
Dc water pump	Equipment	1	2000	2000
LCD Display	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Relays	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Transistor BC547	Equipment	2	1000	2000
Connecting wires	Equipment	20	50	1000
Power supply 12v 1A	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Soil Moisture Sensor	Equipment	1	3000	3000
Resistors (1k, 10k)	Equipment	20	50	1000
Variable Resister (10k, 100k)	Equipment	5	100	500
Voltage Regulator	Equipment	2	1000	2000
FYP Report copy	Miscellaneous	10	1000	10000